1917] Evans,— Notes on New England Hepaticae, XIV 267 



The gametophyte consists of a pale subterranean rhizome which 

 branches sparingly and from which the erect leafy shoots arise. Both 

 the rhizome and the leafy shoots are wholly destitute of rhizoids. 

 Slime papillae, however, are produced in abundance. The leafy 

 shoots are mostly 0.5-1 cm. high and are usually unbranched. The 

 leaves are composed of thin-walled cells and vary in shape, some being 

 entire and others variously incised or lobed. The shoots, in the upper 

 part at least, are radial and show no evidence of dorsiventrality; in 

 other words their broad leaves are in more than three ranks and no 

 distinction can be drawn between lateral leaves and underleaves. 

 The lack of dorsiventrality distinguishes Scalia from all other genera 

 of the Hepaticae, but in Stephani's opinion^ this distinction is more 

 apparent than real. According to his observations the leafy shoots 

 are dorsiventral in the lower part, the leaves being in tliree ranks 

 and showing a differentiation into lateral leaves and underleaves. 

 This differentiation is not one of form or of size but simply of insertion, 

 the lateral leaves being obliquely attached to the stem while the under- 

 leaves are transverse. Stephani notes fiu-ther that the radial structure 

 of the shoot appears only in connection with the sexual organs and 

 that many other leafy genera show a similar approach to a radial 

 condition in their reproductive shoots. However tliis may be, the 

 shoots of the Scalia present a very distinctive appearance and bear a 

 strong resemblance to mosses, their upper leaves being closely crowded. 



Most authors assign a dioicous inflorescence to S. Hookerl, but 

 Stephani states that it is sometimes monoicous and may be always so. 

 These statements are criticised by Warnstorf and there seems, indeed, 

 to be very little to support them. The antheridia are conspicuous 

 from their large size and bright orange color. They are borne on 

 short stalks and arise irregularly all around the stem, showing no 

 definite relation to the leaves. The archegonia, sometimes as many 

 as ten, are developed near the tip of a shoot, but the apical cell itself 

 does not take part in the formation of an archegonium, even thougli 

 its activities are brought to an end. No perianth is developed, the 

 protection of the sporophyte being secured by a large and fleshy 

 calyptra, the neck of the fertilized archegonium being in the usual 

 apical position and the unfertilized archegonia remaining at the base. 



The sporophyte shows the usual differentiation into foot, stalk and 



1 See Mem. Herb Boissier 16: 43. 1900. 



