268 Rhodora [December 



capsule, the stalk attaining (according to Lindberg) a length of 1-3 

 cm. The capsule is oblong-cylindrical, 1.5-2 mm. in length and 0.6- 

 0.75 mm. in diameter. The wall consists of a single layer of cells, 

 except in the apical region, and splits at maturity into four valves, 

 although these may remain more or less united. The cells of the wall 

 are thin-walled, except for a median annular band in each cell, ex- 

 tending longitudinally. This type of thickening recurs in the closely 

 related tropical genus Calobryuvi Nees^ but otherwise seems to be 

 unique. In all other genera of Hepaticae, where annular or half- 

 annular bands of thickening have been described, the bands run in a 

 general transverse direction. The elaters are for the most part long 

 and bispiral, although some of those which remain attached to the 

 tips of the valves are unispiral tliroughout more or less of their length. 

 The spores are densely verruculose. 



The genera Scalia and Calobryum constitute a very natural group, 

 to which Goebel ^ has given the name Calobryaceae. This group 

 represents, in the opinion of most writers, the highest development 

 attained by the anacrogynous Jungermanniales. The genus Calo- 

 bryum in fact, as Goebel emphasizes, is not anacrogynous at all, the 

 archegonia forming a definite apical group on the broadened tip of the 

 female shoot. Of course this does not imply that the acrogynous 

 Jungermanniales are descended from the Calobryaceae. The group, 

 as Cavers ^ states, appears " to form a blindly ending line of develop- 

 ment," the probable origin of the true Acrogynae being in some less 

 highly differentiated form. 



3. Harpanthus Flotowianus Nees, Naturg. der europ. Leberm. 

 2:353. 1836. Jungennanjiia Flotowiana Nees, Flora. 16: 4:08. 1833. 

 J. convoluta Hiiben. Hep. Germ. 60. 1834. J. vogesiaca Hiiben. 

 I. c. 149. 1834 (as synonym). Lophocolea vogesiaca Nees, Naturg. 

 der europ. Leberm. 2:348. 1836. Pleuranthe olivacea Tayl. Jour. 

 Bot. 5:282. 1846. On damp, earth-covered rocks, mixed with 

 other Hepaticae, Valley Way, Mt. Madison, New Hampshire, about 

 4700 feet altitude, July 9, 1917 (A. W. E.). New to New England. 



The present species, which is the type of the genus, was based on 

 material collected in the Riesengebirge, close to the boundary between 

 Silesia and Bohemia. It is now known also from various other parts 



1 See Andreas, Flora 86: 204. /. 23, 21,. 1899. ^ Ann. Jard. Buitenzorg 9: 21. 1891 



3 New I'hytol. Reprint4: 99. 1911. 



