CONTENTS 



Page 



INTRODUCTION 257 



I. GENERAL PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC RELATIONS OF THE 



REGION 257 



11. PREVIOUS BOTANICAL INVESTIGATIONS, AND 



FIELD WORK OF THE AUTHOR 261 



HI. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 263 



IV. PHYSIOGRAPHY 263 



y. CLIMATE 269 



VI. ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIAL; 



NOMENCLATURE 274 



THE DECIDUOUS FOREST CLIMATIC FORMATION IN 



NORTHERN CAPE BRETON 278 



I. THE REGIONAL CLIMAX ASSOCIATION-TYPE: THE 



CLIMAX FOREST 278 



II. THE EDAPHIC FORMATION-COMPLEX OF THE 



REGION 294 



A. Primary Formations of the Xerarch Series 294 



1. The Formation-types of Ordinary Uplands 294 



a. Introductory ' 294 



b. The Association-complexes of Rock Outcrops 295 



c. The Association-complexes of Glacial Drift 300 



d. The Association-complexes of Talus 302 



2. The Formation-types of Uplands along Streams 306 



a. Introductory 306 



b. The Association-complexes of Rock Ravines 309 



c. The Association-complexes of Open Valleys 314 



d. The Association-complexes of Boulder Plains 315 



e. The Association-complexes of Flood Plains 317 



3. The Formation-types of Uplands along the Seacoast . . . 319 



a. Introductory 319 



b. The Association-complexes of Sea Bluffs and Head- 



lands 319 



c. The Association-complexes of Beaches and Dunes .. 324 



