438 George E. Nichols, 



a. Development of Raised Bogs in and around Water-filled 



Rock Basins 



An illustrative example. — In Fig. 65 is represented diagram- 

 matically a bog-complex which was studied in some detail. 

 Depth of peat, surface contour, and relations of the underlying 

 topography were determined by means of sounding-rod and 

 level. Section B, made along the line a-i in map A, is drawn to 

 scale and shows the actual contour of the surface. Section C, 

 identical with Section B but with the vertical scale eight times 



Figure 66. — Raised bog in barrens, mountains west of Ingonish ; photo- 

 graph taken from point between d and e in Fig. 65. In foreground, wet 

 bog; figures standing on dry bog; see text. 



the horizontal, brings out the relation between the surface con- 

 tour and that of the rock floor beneath. It will be seen from 

 this diagram (/-/, etc.) that the upper portion of the bog-complex 

 (the portion pictured in Fig. 66) is occupied by a typical raised 

 bog, which has been developed in and around a shallow rock- 

 basin. Through the accumulation of peat, the surface has been 

 built up more than six feet above the rim of the basin and about 

 ten feet above its bottom, and has spread out over the rim. 

 Attention may now be given to the manner in which this bog 



