Vegetation of Northern Cape Breton. 417 



Dulichitim arnndinaccum Utricidaria vulgaris 



Eleocharis palustris vigens Utricularia intermedia 



Scirpiis subterminalis 



The character of the mari^nial vegetation might perhaps more 

 appropriately be considered in connection with swamps, but two 

 phases will be briefly mentioned at this point. Between the 

 water's edge and the adjoining upland vegetation there may 

 occur only a narrow fringe of swamp thicket (Fig. 60), made up 

 of such shrubs as the following: 



Myrica Gale Nemopanthus mucronata 



Alnus incana Chamae daphne calyculata 



Spiraea latifolia Kalmia angustifolia 



Rosa nitida Rhododendron canadense 



Ilex verticillata Viburnum cassinoides 



Elsewhere, however, intervening between this thicket and 

 ordinary smnmer low water mark there may be a strip of sandy 

 or rocky beach, of varying width, which supports an open swamp 

 association of an essentially pioneer type. Characteristic plants 

 of such a habitat are the following: 



Scapania nemorosa Drosera rotundifolia 



Sphagnum sp. Hypericum canadense 



Lycopodium inundatum Hypericum virginicnm 



Agrostis hyemalis Viola cucullata 



Carex filiformis Viola pollens 



Carex Michauxiana Bartonia iodandra 



Carex Oederi puniila Vacciimim macrocarpon 



Carex stcllulata Lycopus tiniflorus 



Juncus hrevicaudatus Utricularia cor nut a 

 Ranunculus Flammula reptans Aster nemoralis 



Drosera longifolia Aster radula 



Very commonly, at least locally, the lake is bordered by 

 swamps of a more advanced type, but these are better considered 

 under the head of swamps. 



C. THE ASSOCIATIOX-COMPLEXES OF UNDRAINED POXDS 



In the number and abundance of seed plants, the aquatic vegeta- 

 tion of undrained ponds as a rule is inferior to that of well- 



