444 



Geors^e E. NicJiols, 



65, where area a-e is occupied by wet bog-, and area e-f by bog 

 meadow. Frequently, as here, the two types of swamp alter- 

 nate on the same slope, while very commonly the wet bog which 

 occupies the floor of a shallow valley (Fig. 67) is separated from 

 the typical upland vegetation on either flank by strips of bog 

 meadow. 



Figure 68. — In foreground, wet bog association-type (same area as that 

 shown by Fig. 67), with pools due to activity of sphagnum (see text) ; in 

 background, low hill covered with forest scrub ; barrens in mountains 

 west of Ingonish. 



So far as the vascular element in the vegetation is concerned, 

 the chief difference between this and the preceding association- 

 type is seen in the relatively greater abundance here of the shrubs. 

 Essentially the same list of seed plants is characteristic of each 

 swamp type, and both shrubs (Andromeda, Myrica, Chamae- 

 daphne, Vaccinium Oxycoccus, etc.) and herbaceous plants 

 (Scirpus, Rynchospora, Eriophorum, etc.) are well represented 



