PEPo. 55 



cell, opening by a sutural dehiscence on the inner side, and 

 bearing seeds at the base, or along the suture. Ex. peony, col- 

 umbine, silk-weed. 



6. Drupe (stone-fmit) is one-celled, one or two seeded, inde- 

 hiscent, with a hard and bony endocarp (stone), and a moist and 

 pulpy epicarp and sarcocarp. Ex. plum, cherry, peach. It also 

 includes those fruits which have a fibro-fleshy, or even coria- 

 ceous epicarp, as the walnut, butternut, which kinds of fruit are 

 called drupaceous. 



7. The Nut is a hard, dry, indehiscent shell, proceeding from 

 an ovary which is two or more celled, and two or more ovuled, 

 but becoming by suppression one-celled, and one-ovuled ( 1 10, a). 

 It differs from the Drupe, in wanting the soft, succulent cover- 

 ing. Listead of tliis it is seated in a kind of persistent involu- 

 cre, called a cupule. Ex. chestnut, oak, beech, hazle. 



8. Caryopsis (kernel). This is a thin, dry, one-celled peri- 

 carp, mseparable from the seed which it encloses. Ex. maize, 

 wheat, Carex. When it is not inseparable from the seed, it is 

 called a utricle, as in the pig-weed (Chenopodium). 



9. An ACHENiuM is a small, dry, hard, one-celled pericarp, dis- 

 tinct from the seed which it contains. Ex. Borago, Ranun- 

 culus, Aster, and the Compositss generally. 



10. Samara (Avinged fruit). It consists of a dry, indehiscent, 

 one-seeded pericarp, with a wing-like appendage. Ex. bhch, 

 maple. 



11. A PYXIS (box) is a capsule which opens by a circum- 

 sessile dehiscence (115 ; 5), so as to appear like a little cup with 

 a hd. Ex. plantain (Plantago), purslane (Portulaca). 



12. Pome (apple). This is a fleshy, indehiscent pericai-p, 

 formed of the permanent calyx, containing several cartilaginous 

 carpels, or cells, which enclose the seeds. Ex. apple, pear, 

 quince. 



13. The PEPO (gourd) is an indehiscent, fleshy fruit, proceed- 

 ing from a compound ovar}% either one-celled, or entirely lilled 

 with pulp. Ex. cucumber, melon, pumpkin. 



14. Berry (Bacca), a succulent, pulpy pericarp, holding the 

 seeds loosely within, with no other covering than its own soft 



