56 



THE FRUIT. 



mass. Ex. currant, whortleberry. The orange and lemon an- 

 swer this definition, and are therefore berries. 



FIG. 18. — Forms of fruit; 13, naked achenia of Fragaria on the surface of the enlarged, 

 fleshy receptacle ; 14, drupaceous achenia of a Rubus on a fleshy, deciduous receptacle; 15, 

 samara of Acer ; 16, pyxis of Hyoscyamus ; 17, pome of Pyrus (pear) ; 18, berry of Ribes 

 (gooseberry) ; 19, section of the same enlarged ; 20, strobile of Pinus ; 21, cremocarp of the 

 Umbelliferae, as Conium. 



a. This definition cannot include the strawbeny, which consists of an en- 

 larged, fleshy receptacle, bearing numerous achenia upon its surface. Nor does 

 it include the blackberry, which, like the other species of the Rubus, is an aggre- 

 gate fruit composed of united drupes. These fruits are called Etaeria, by Mirbel. 

 (Fig. 18; 13,14.) 



15. Strobile (cone). This is an aggregate fruit, consisting 

 of scale-like carpels spread open, with naked seeds on their 

 inner side, at base. Such is the fruit of the fir tribe, which is 

 on tliis account called Coniferse. 



