XII. FUMARIACEiE. 157 



5. PAPAVER. 



Celtic, papa, pap; a soporific food for children, composed of poppy-seeds, &c: 



Sepals 2, caducous; petals 4 ; stamens 00; capsule 1 -celled, open- 

 ing by pores under the broad, persistent stigma. — Exotic herbs, mostly 

 ® , with white juice abounding in opium. 



1. P. soMNiFERUM. Opium Poppy. 



Glabrous and glaucous ; lis. clasping, incised and dentate; sep. glabrous; 

 cap. globose.— A plant with large, brilliantly white flowers, double in cultiva- 

 tion. Stem li— 3f high. Leaves 4—8' by 2—3', with rather obtuse dentures. 

 Ever>' part, but especially the capsule, abounds with a white juice powerfully 

 narcotic, and which when hardened in the sun, forms the opium of the shops. 

 For this drug, it is extensively cultivated in Europe and southern Asia. Jn. 



2. P. DUBiUM. Dubious Poppy. 



Caulescent ; st. hispid with spreading hairs ; Ivs. pinnately parted, seg- 

 ments incised ; ped. clothed with appressed hairs ; sep. hairy ; caps, obovoid- 

 oblong, glabrous.— Sparingly naturalized in cultivated grounds, Penn. Stem 

 about 2f high. Flowers light red or scarlet. Jn. Jl. ^ 



3. P. RHiEAS. CommmiRed Poppy.— St. many-flowered, hairy, Ivs. incisely 

 pinnatifid ; capsules smooth, nearly globose.— Distinguished from the last spe- 

 cies chiefly by its more finely divided leaves and its globular capsule. About 

 2 f high. Flowers very large and showy, of a deep scarlet red. Varieties are 

 produced with various shades of red and particolored flowers, more or less dou- 

 ble. Jn. Jl.f 



4. P. ORiENTALE. Oriental Poppy.— St. 1-flowered, rough; Ivs. scabrous, 

 pinnate, serrate ; capsules smooth. — Native of Levant. Stem 3 f high. 

 Flowers very large, and of a rich scarlet color, too brilliant to be looked upon 

 in the sun. Jn. -f 



G. ESCHSCHOLTZIA. 



Named for Eschscholtz, a German botanist, well known for his researches in California." 



Sepals 2, cohering by their edge, caducous ; petals 4 ; stamens 00, 

 adhering to the claws of the petals ; stigmas 4 — 7, sessile, 2 — 3 of 

 them abortive ; capsule pod-shaped, cylindric, 10-striate, many- 

 seeded.—® Leaves finnatijid, glaucous. The juice, which is colorless, 

 exhales the odor of hydrochloric acid. 



1. E. DouGLAsii. Hook. (Chryseis Californica, of Lindl. and of 15/ edit.)— 

 St. branching, leafy; torus obconic ; cat. ovoid, with a very short, abrupt acu- 

 mination ; pet. bright yellow, with an orange spot at ba.se.— A very showy 

 annual, common in our gardens. Native of California, Oregon, &c. The 

 foliage is smooth, abundant and rich, dividing in a twice or thrice pinnatifid 

 manner into linear segments. Flowers 2' broad, f 



2. E. Californica. Hook. (Chryseis crocea, Lindl. and of 1st edit.)— St. 

 branching, leafy ; torus funnel-form, with a much dilated limb ; cat. obconic, 

 with a long acuraination; /s. orange-yellow.— From California. Leaves and 

 color of flowers as in the preceding, except the latter are more ol a reddish- 

 orange hue. f 



Order XII. FUMAEIACEiE.— Fumeworts. 



P/anrt herbaceous, with brittle §frmii and u watery jniro. 

 L7}8. usually Hilernatc, multifid, o.len furnished with t.iidnls. 



F/». irreK«dar, piirrlo, white or yellow. Sep. V, litiiiiiious. 



Cor.-PvUiU 4. hypoRynous. panillel. ..ne ..r h..ih ..i ihr outer saccate. 2 mner coherinrat apex 



Kra 8,<li:i(l,-lphous . fil. >\\hu-i\ ; antfi. adnatc. .•.vtror.xc, J outcrl -celled, middle 2-celleU. 



Orn Kuperior, 1 <ril't(i ; ity. lihlorm ; slif-r. with one or more poiiiU. 



Fr either an indehisrent nut 1— '2 seeded, or a pod-shaped capsule naany-seeded. 



StU. shining, ariled. Albumen fleshy 



the temi>«rata 



Genera 15. species UO,-tome of them beautiful and 'leli^t*". inhabiting thickcU in the i^m^ 

 recioDi of the northern hemisphere. They possess no rcnnarkable action upon the animal econonu 



