m, SYNOPSIS OF THE NATURAL SYSTEM. 



144 Fls. incomplete, collec'd.inasraall, round, whitehead. Ehiocaulonaceje. CLIX 



144 Flowers incomplete and mostly on a spadix. -157 



144 Flowers complete (rarely dioecious), never on a spadix. 145 



145 Flowers regular. _--_.._ 145 



145 Flowers more or less irregular. --,----------- 155 



146 Perianth free from the ovary. - 147 



146 Perianth adherent to the ovary. 153 



147 Sepals and petals similarly colored. -------- 150 



147 Sepals and petals differently colored. ----- 148 



148 Flowers solitary, or racemose, &c. 149 



148 Flowers densely capitate, yellow. Xyridaceje. CLVIII 



149 Styles and stigmas distinct. Leaves radical, - Alismace^. CXXXVIII 

 149 Styles and stigmas united into 1. Leaves cauline. CommelinacejE. CLVH 



150 Styles and stigmas distinct. -------151 



150 Styles and stigmas united into 1. -----152 



151 Perianth scale-like, dry. -------§ Juncagine^. CXXXVIII 



151 Perianth petaloid, green or colored. Aerial plants. Melanthaceje. CLV 



151 Per. petaloid, small. Plants float'g in water. HYDHocHAEiDACEiE. CXXXIX 



152 Flowers succulent and withering, colored. ------ Liliace^. CLIII 



152 Flowers dry and (if colored) scarious. Juncace^. CLVI 



153 Stamens 3. Ieidace^. CXLIX 



153 Stamens 6. 154 



154 Leaves equitant and channeled (§ 216, 1). - - - HiEMODOEACEJE. CXLVIII 



154 Leaves flat and not equitant. - - Amaeyludaceje. CXLVII 



155 Ovary inferior. ------_---._. 155 



155 Ovary superior. ----- Pontedeeiaceje. CLIV 



156 Stamens gynandrous (§ 74, XX.) --. Orchidaceje. CXL 



156 Stamen free, 1 only, with half an anther. Cannace^. 



156 Stamens free, 3, with extrorse anthers. ------- Ieidace^. CXLIX 



157 Root floating in water. Stamens 1 or 2. - - - - LEMNACEiE. CXXXV 



157 Root fixed in earth. - 158 



158 Stems floating in water. Naiadace^. CXXXVII 



158 Stems erect, terrestrial. -.-. 159 



159 Spadix with a spathe, or on a leaf-like scape. - - - Aeaceje. CXXXIV 

 159 Spadix without a spathe, and not on a scape. - - Typhace^. CXXXVI 



160 Flowers perfect, solitary, or 2 — 3. Teilliace^, CLIl 



160 Flowers dioecious. - --___. I6I 



161 Leaves cauline, mostly climbing shrubs. ----------- 162 



161 Leaves radical. Alismace^. CXXXVIII 



162 Fruit a thin, 3-cornered capsule. Dioscoreace^. CL 



162 Fruit a globose, fleshy berry. Smilace>e. CLI 



Sec. VI. Orders of the Glumaceous Eindogens, 



163 Stems mostly solid. Sheaths entire. ------ Cyperaceje. CLX 



163 Stems mostly fistulous. Sheaths split down to the nodes. Geamine^. CLXI 



Sec. VII. Orders of Cryptogamia. 



164 Plants consisting of woody and vascular tissue. -- 165 



164 Plants consisting of cellular tissue only. --- 166 



165 Fruit terminal, cone-like. Leaves sheath-like. - - EduisETACEiE. CLXII 



165 Fr. axillary, &c. Leaves 1-veined. Lycopodiaceje. CLXIII 



165 Fruit borne upon the veiny, often contracted leaves. - - Filices. CLXIV 



165 Fruit radical or nearly so, of two kinds. Aquatics. Marsileaceje. CLXV 



166 Leaves veinless, distinct from each other or from the axis. Mtjsci. (CLXVII^ 



166 Leaves veiny, mostly confluent into one expansion. Hepaticje. (CLXVIII) 



167 Plants with no distinct axis of growth. 168 



167 Plants having a distinct axis, with whorled branches. Charace^. CLXVI 

 168 Plants aerial, dry, crustaceous, on trees, rocks, &c. - - Lichenes. (CLXIX^ 

 168 Plants aerial, succulent, often ephemeral, never green. - - Fungi. (CLXX) 

 168 Plants aquatic, consisting of simple vesicles or lobed fronds. Algjb. (CLXXI) 



