ABBREVIATIONS, ETC. 



129 



A perfect flower, or a plant bearing perfect flowers. 



8 Monoecious, or a plant with staminate and pistillate flowers. 



$ d" Dioecious ; staminate and pistillate flowers on separate plants. 



^ cf Polygamous ; the same species with staminate, pistillate, and perfect flowers. 



Wanting or none. 



00 Indefinite, or numerous. 



0= Cotyledons accumbent. ) 



II Cotyledons incumbent. [ Used only in the Cruciferae. 



0>> Cotyledons conduplicate. ) 



^ A naturalized plant. 



t A plant cultivated for ornament. 



t A plant cultivated for use. This, with the two last, are placed at the end of a 

 description. In other situations they have their usual signification as marks of 

 division or reference. In measure of length, or other dimensions, the following signs 

 are adopted in this work : — 



f (without the period) A foot. 



' (a single accent) An inch. 



" (a double accent) A line (one twelfth of ')• 



! The note of exclamation, now common in botanical works, is used in contrariety" 

 to the note of interrogation (?). It denotes, in general, certainty from personal obser- 

 vation. Affixed to a locality, it denotes that the writer has examined specimens 

 either in or from that place.' Affixed to the name of an individual, it denotes that 

 the writer has examined specimens supplied by him. In this work the note of affir- 

 mation is used only where the fact stated or implied is somewhat iieiv, or might 

 otherwise have been regarded as doubtful. 



Authors' names, when of more than one syllable, are usually abbreviated by 

 writing the first syllable and the next following or last consonant. The following 

 are nearly all the names thus abridged in this work : — 



Adans. Adanson. 

 Agh. Agardh. 

 Ait. Alton. 

 Arn. Arnott. 

 Bart. Barton. 

 Benth. Bentham. 

 Berl. Berlandier. 

 Bernh. Bernhardi. 

 Brongn. Brongniart. 

 Bigl. or Bw. Bigelow. 

 Boehm. Boehmer. 

 Bong. Bongard. 

 Br. Brown. 

 Cass. Cassini. 

 Cav. Cavanilles. 

 Darl. Darlington. 

 DC. De Candolle. 

 Desf. Desfontaines. 

 Desv. Desvaux. 

 Dew. Dewey. 

 Duh. Duhamel. 

 End). Endiicher. 

 Ehrh. Ehrhart. 

 Ell. Elliot. 



Engel. Engelman. 

 Forsk. Forskahl. 

 Froel. Froelich. 

 Gaert. Gartner. 

 Ging. Gingins. 

 Gmel. Gmelin. 

 Gron. Gronovius. 

 Hedw. Hedwig. 

 Hoff^m. Hoffmann. 

 Ilook. Hooker. 

 Juss. Jussieu. 

 Lam. Lamark. 

 Lee. Le Conte. 

 Lindl. Lindley. 

 Linn.* Linnaeus. 

 Lk. Link. 

 Leiim. Lebmann. 

 Mart. Martins. 

 Mentz. Mentzel. 

 Michx. Micliaux. 

 Mill. Miller. 

 iMirb. Mirbel. 

 Moench. Moenchausen. 

 Muhl. Muhlenberg. 



Nutt. Nuttall. 



Pcrs. Persoon. 



Pall. Pallas. 



Pav. Pavon. 



Poir. Poiret. 



Ph. Pursh. 



R. Br. Piobert Brown. 



Raf. Rafinesque. 



Rich. Richard. 



Schw. Schwenitz. 



Scop. Scopoli. 



Ser. Seringe. 



Schk. Schkuhr. 



Sm. Smith. 



Spr. Sprengel. 



Sw. Swartz. 



T. & G. Torrey & Gray. 



Torr. Torrey. 



Tourn. Tournefort. 



Traut. Trautvetter. 



Willd. Willdenow. 



Walt. Walter. 



ANALYTICAL TABLES. 



The object of scientific tables is usually twofold. First, philosophical ; — to ex- 

 hibit in one condensed view the affinities and dificrences of the several subjects to 

 which they relate, by bringing them into immediate comparison and contrast. 

 Second, practical ; — * to aid the student in his researches by aflbrding him an 

 abridged method of analysis. The aiialytica. tables which accompany this flora 

 may subserve both these purposes, but they are designed chiefly for the latter; viz. 



• In this flora, wherever no authority Is added to the generic or specific name, Linn. U to b« 

 underatood. 



