144 1- RANUNCULACE^. Coptis. 



dichotomous. Lower leaves 2 — 4' wide, on long semicylindric petioles, upper 

 ones sessile, all of a dark shining green, veiny and smooth. Flowers of a 

 golden yellow in all their parts, 1^' diam., few and pedunculate. Outer row 

 of filaments clavate, twice longer "than the inner. The young leaves are in 

 great request in spring, for greens. May. 



/3. integerrima. (C. integerrima. Ph.) L/vs. entire ; sep. obovate, ohtuse. 



y. plena, with double flowers. Cultivated in gardens. 

 7. TROLLIUS. 



Germ, trol or trollen, globular; alluding to the form of the flowers. 



Sepals 5 — 10 — 15, roundish ovate, colored, deciduous ; petals 5 — 

 25, small, linear, tubular at base ; stamens 00, much shorter than the 

 sepals ; follicles 00, subcylindric, sessile, many-seeded. — % Smooth, 

 with palmate leaves. 



1. T. LAXUS. Salisb. (T. Americanus Muhl.) American Globe Flower. 



Sep. 5, oblong, spreading; jkI. 15 — 25, shorter than the stamens.— In 

 swamps, Can. to Penn. Not common. About If high. Leaves deeply cleft into 5 

 segments, which are lobed and cut-dentate. Sepals yellow, resembling petals, 

 4 — 5" long. Petals very small, orange-colored. Follicles about 10, crowmed 

 with the persistent styles. This is the only American species. Jn. 



2. E. EuROPiEus, Exiropean Globe Flower. — Erect, branched, leafy; Ivs. deeply 

 cleft or divided, segments coneate at base, acute, incisely lobed and toothed ; 

 fis. solitary, erect, large, globular ; ^^c<^. long, naked ; sep. closely converging ; 

 pet. equaling the stamens. Native of Europe. Stem 2 — 3f high. Flowers 

 of a rich yellow. A very ornamental plant, of easy culture trom seeds or 

 roots. May, Jn.f 



3. T. AsiATicus. Asiatic Globe Flovxr. — Erect ; Ivs. deeply divided into b 

 broad segments ; segments laciniately lobed and toothed ; jls. terminal, soli- 

 tary, pedunculate ; sep. spreading ; pet. longer than the stamens. — Native of 

 Asia. Plant about 2f high, with ample foliage and large, deep orange-color- 

 ed flowers — yellov/ in some of its varieties. Jn.-f 



8. HELLEEORUS .— Adans. 



EXfiti', to cause death ; (jopa, food ; the poisonous qualities are well Known. 



Sepals 5, mostly greenish, persistent: petals 8 — 10, very short, 

 tubular, 2-lipped ; stamens 00; stigmas 3 — 10, orbicular; follicles 

 cohering at base, many-seeded. — % Lvs. coriaceous, divided. Fls. 

 large, nodding. 



H. viRiDis. — Green Hellebore. 



Glabrous ; radical lvs. pedately divided, segments lanceolate, acute, ser- 

 rate ; caidine lvs. few, palmately parted, nearly sessile ; peds. often in pairs ; sep. 

 roundish ovate, acute, green. — A European plant, § on Long Island. Stem 

 2—3 f. high, thick. Apr.f 



9. COPTIS.— Salisb. 



Gr. KOTTTO}, to cut ; from the numerous divisions of the leaves. 



Sepals 5 — 6, oblong, concave, colored, deciduous; petals 5 — 6. 

 small, cucullate, obconic ; stamens 20 — 25 ; follicles 5 — 10, stipitate, 

 rostrate, diverging in a stellate manner, 4 — 6-seeded. — Loio herbs. 

 with radical leaves, and a long, slender, perennial, creeping rhizoma. 



C. TRiFOLiA. — Goldthread. 



L/vs. 3-foliate ; scape 1-flowered ; pet. much smaller than the sepals.— Penn. 

 N. to Arctic Am. Stem subterranean, extensively creeping, golden yellow, very 

 bitter and tonic. Leaves all radical, leaflets sessile, 4—8" long, crenate-mu- 

 cronate, smooth, coriaceous, common petiole 1 — 2' long. Peduncles 3 — 4' 

 high, with a single, minute bract above the middle, bearing a single white star- 

 like flower. The 5 or 6 yellow petals are barely distinguishable by their color 

 among the white stamens. Mav. Medicinal. 



