SCLER0LEPI3. LXXV. COMPOSITiE. 313 



Suborder 1.— T UBULIFIiORJE. 



Corolla of the perfect or disk flowers tubular, regular, the limb 5-cleft, 



or lobed. 



Tribe 1. VERNONIACE^. 



Heads discoid, homogamous. Branches of the style subulate, hispid throughout. 

 1. VERNONIA. Schreb. 



Named for \Vm. Vemon, an English botanist who traveled in America in search of plants. 



Flowers all tubular ; involucre semicylindric, of ovate, imbricated 



scales ; receptacle naked ; pappus double, the exterior chaffy ; the 



interior capillary. — % Herbs or shrubs. Lvs. mostly alternate. 



1, V. NovEBORACENSis. Wllld. Neiv York Vernonia. Iron-weed. 



I/os. numerous, lanceolate, serrulate, rough; cy7ne fastigiate; scales of 



involucre filiform at the ends. — A tall, showy plant with numerous large, dark 



Eurple flowers, found in meadows and other moist situations, U. S. Stem 

 ranching at top, reddish, 3 — 6f high. Leaves crowded, paler beneath, radical 

 ones often lobed. Cymes terminal, flat-topped, compound. Scales and corollas 

 deep purple, the former ending in long, thread-like appendages. Sept. 



/?. praalta. Less. (V. proealta. Willd.) St. and lvs. beneath pubescent ; scales 

 nearly destitute of the filiform appendages. — Rather taller than the preceding. 

 3. V. FAscicuLATA. Michx. Iron-weed. 



St. tall, striate or grooved, tomentose ; lvs. narrow-lanceolate, tapering to 

 each end, serrulate, lower ones petiolate ; hds. numerous, in a somewhat fas- 

 tigiate cyme; invol. ovoid-campanulate ; scales appressed, mucronulate or 

 obtuse. — Woods and prairies Western States, very common ! A coarse, pur- 

 plish-green weed 3 — lOf high. Leaves 4 — 8' by 1 — 2', smooth above. Cymes 

 compact, or loose. Heads large, or small. Corollas showy, dark purple, twice 

 longer than the involucre. Jl. Aug. 

 0. Taller and more branching, with smaller heads. — Woods, la. ! 



2. elephantOpus. 



Gr. c\e(l>ai, elephant, novg, foot; alluding to the form of the leaves in some species. 



Heads 3 — 5-flowered, glomerate ; flowers all equal ; involucre com- 

 pressed, the scales about 8, oblong, dry, in 2 series ; corolla palmate- 

 ligulate, 5-cleft, segments acuminate ; achenia ribbed, hairy ; pappus 

 chafiy-setaceous. — % JEred, with alternate^ subsessile leaves. Corolla 

 violet purple. 



E. Carolinianus. Willd, 



Si.- branched, leafy, hairy; lvs. scabrous and somewhat hairy, ovate oj 

 oval-oblong, obtuse, crenate-serrate, lower ones on petioles, upper ones subses- 

 sile; hds. terminal and .subterminal. — Dry soils, Penn., Ohio ! to Flor. and La. 

 Stem 20—30' high, flexuous, the branches divaricate. Lower stem leaves 5 — 7' 

 by 3 — 5', upper about 2' by li', the highest oblong, smaller, subtending • the 

 small heads in the form of an involucre. Jl. — Sept. 



Tribe 2. EUPATORIACEiE. 



Heads discoid or radiate. Branches of the style much elongated, obtuse, 

 minutely pubescent towards the summit outside. Anthers not cordate. 

 Leaves mostly opposite. 



Section 1. Heads dlscoicl, liomogainoits. 



3. SCLEROLfiPIS. Cass. 



Gr. (TKX»7f)')5, hard, \irrii, a scale. 



Head raany-flowercd ; scalc.=» of the involucre equal linear, in 2 



