298 LXXI. CAPRIFOLIACE^. Lonicera. 



SUBCLASS II. MONOPETAL^. 



Floral envelops consisting of both calyx and corolla, the latter com- 

 posed of petals more or less united (monopetalons). 



Order LXXI. CAPRIFOLIACEiE.— Honeysuckles. 



Shrubs rarely ?ierbs, often twining, with opposite leaves and no stipules. 



Fls. cymose and often fragrant. 



Cal. adherent to the ovary (superior), the limb 5- (rarely 4) cleft or toothed. 



Cor. tubular or rotate, regular or irreeular. [the tube. 



Sta. as many, or one less than as many as the lobes of the corolla, alternate with them and inserted on 



Ova. 3- (rarely 4 or 5-) celled. Style 1. Stig. 1—4. 



Fr. baccate, fleshy or dry, crowned with the persistent calyx lobes. Seeds pendulous. 



Genera 14, species 220, chiefly natives of the northern temperate regions, and occasionally found in the 

 alpine parts of the tropical zone. 



Properties. — The fever-root (Triosteum perfoliatum) is a mild cathartic, and in large doses emetic : the 

 dried and roasted berries are sometimes substituted for coffee. The leaves and bark of the elder are both 

 emetic and cathartic; the flowers are sudorific, and the benies laxative. The beauty and fragrance of 

 the honeysuckles in cultivation are well known to every one. 



The order consists of two distinct tribes: Lonicereae and Sambuceas. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



^ few-seeded Lonicera. l 



< Berry 1—3-celled, ^many-seeded Diervilla. 2 



C Shrubs. \ Berry 4-celled, 2-seeded Symphoricarpus. 4 



<. 5 Stamens 4. Trailing, evergreen Linncea. 6 



f tubular. ( Herbs. \ Stamens 5. Stem erect, simple Triosteum. 3 



< ? simple leaves, Viburnum. 7 



Corolla ( rotate, regular. Shrubs with 5 pinnate leaves Sambucus. 6 



Tribe 1. LONICERE^. 



Corolla tubular, the limb often irregular. Style filiform. 

 1. LONICERA. 



In honor of Adam Lonicer, a physician of Frankfort, in the 16th century. 



Calyx 5-toothed, tube subglobose ; corolla infundibuliform or cam- 

 panulate, limb S-cleft, often labiate ; stamens 5, exserted ; ovary 2 — 3 

 celled ; berry few-seeded ; stigma capitate. — A genus of climbing or 

 erect shrubs^ tviih opposite and often connate leaves. 



§ Stems climbing. Flowers sessile, verticillate. Caprifolium. 



1. L. HiRsuTA. Eaton. (C. pubescens. Goldie.') Hairy Honeysuckle. 



Lros. hairy above, soft-villose beneath, veiny, broad-oval, abruptly acumi- 

 nate, the upper pair connate-perfoliate ; fls. in verticillate spikes ; cor. ringent ; 

 fil. bearded. — A shrubby climber, rather rare, in woods, N. Eng. to Mich, and 

 Can., twining about trees to the height of 15— 20f. The whole plant is more 

 or less hairy. Leaves pale green, not shining, the edges and the upper side 

 ciliate with scattered hairs. The flowers are large, numerous, greenish-yellow, 

 in whorled, axillary and terminal clusters. Limb of corolla spreading. Style 

 and stamens exsert. Jn. 



2. L. PARviFLORA. Lam. (C. parviflorum. Ph.) Small-flowered HoneyswJde. 



L/vs. smooth, shining above, glaucous beneath, oblong, all sessile or con- 

 nate, the upper pair perfoliate ; fls. in heads of several approximate whorls ; 

 cor. ringent ; tube short, gibbous at base ; fil. bearded. — A small, smooth, shrubby 

 climber, in rocky woods. Can. and U. S." Stem 8 — lOf long. Leaves wavy and 

 revolute on the margin, very glaucous on the under side. Flowers rather small. 

 Corolla 1' in length, yellow, tinged with dull red, gibbous at the base, the short 

 limb in curled segments. Stamens and style exserted. Berries orange-colored. 

 May, Jn. 



/8. 7 Sullivantii. Lis. pubescent beneath, all except the upper pair distinct, 

 the lower ones petiolate.— Ohio, W. S. Sullivant! S. Car. Miss Carpenter! Per- 

 haps distinct. 



