380 LXXVIII. ERICACEAE. Pterospora. 



Suborder 4.— M ONOTROPE^. 



Ovary free from the calyx. Leafless herbs, destitute of verdure. 

 20. MONOTROPA. 



Gr. [iovos, one, rpenoi, to turn ; term inapplicable, as the genus is now modified. 



Calyx represented by 1 — 3 bracts ; pet. 5, erect, persistent, gib- 

 bous at base ; sta. 10 ; fil. persistent, alternating with 10 reflexed ap- 

 pendages of the torus ; stig. orbicular, naked ; caps. 5-celled. — Fara- 

 sitic herbs. Si. or scape 1-Jiowered, scentless. 



M. UNiFLORA. Indian Pipe. BlrcCs-nest. 



St. short ; scales approximate ; /. nodding ; fr. erect.— Common in woods, 

 Can. to Car. W. to 111. A small, succulent plant, about 6' high, yellowish- 

 white in all its parts. Stem furnished with sessile, lanceolate, semi-transpa- 

 rent leaves, or bracts, and bearing a large, terminal, solitary flower. Common 

 in woods, near the base of trees, on whose roots it is said to be parasitic. Jn. 



21. HYPOPITYS. Dill. 

 G?'. vTro), under, ttitvs, a pine tree ; its place of growth. 



Sepals 4 — 5, colored ; pet. as many as sepals, a little longer and 

 of the same color, erect, deciduous, gibbous at base; sta. 8 — 10; fil. 

 subulate, persistent ; anth. 2-celled, small ; stig. discoid, umbilicate ; 

 caps. 4 — 5-celled, 4 — 5-valved, many-seeded. — Parasitic herbs, of a 

 tawny white. Root scaly. St. simple. Fls. racemed, lateral ones ietra- 

 merous, terminal one pentamerous. 



1. H. MULTiFLORA. Scop. (H. Europssa. Don. Monotropa. Linn.) 

 Pet., sta. and sty. hirsute ; caps, oval-oblong, 



/?. Americana. DC. (H. Europaea. iVw/^) PZ«?i^ smaller, yellowish-brown. — 

 In pine woods, Can., Penn., Car., DC. Is not this rather a variety of the fol- 

 lowing 1 It seems to be lost to recent botanists. 



2. H, LANUGINOSA, (Mouotropa. Michx. and 1st edit.) Pine Sap. 

 Plant clothed with a velvet-like pubescence ; pedicels much longer than 



the flower ; caps, subglobose. — Woods, N. Y. ! Can to Car. W. to "Wise, ! The 

 whole plant is of a tawny white, similar to the last. The root is a tangled mass 

 of fibres. Scape 6 — 10' high, with many concave scales, covered with down. 

 Flowers 7 — 12, in a terminal raceme, yellowish, drooping at first, becoming 

 erect. Pedicels 1 — 2" long, bracts and flowers 3 times as long. Only the ter- 

 minal flower is generally decandrous ; the lateral ones have 8 stamens and 4 

 petals. Woods. Aug. 



22. PTEROSPORA. 



Gr, TTTcpos, a wing, a-rropa, a seed; alluding to the winged seeds. 



Calyx 5-parted ; corolla roundish-ovoid, the limb 5-toothed and re- 

 flexed ; stamens 10; anthers peltate, 2-celled, 2-awned ; capsule 5- 

 celled, 5-valved ; seeds very numerous, minute, winged at the apex. — 

 '^1- Plant leajless^ broionish-red. Fls. racemed. 



P. ANDROMEDEA. Nutt. (Monotropa procera. Ea.) Albany Beech-drops. 



In various parts of N. Y. ! and Vt., rare. First discovered by Dr. D. S. C. 

 H. Smith, near Niagara Falls, 1816. Scape 12—30' high, dark purple, clothed 

 with short, viscid wool. Raceme 6 — 12' long, with 50 or more nodding flowers. 

 Pedicels irregularly scattered, 6 — 8" long, axillary to long, linear bracts. Co- 

 rolla shorter than the pedicels, somewhat campanulate, open at the throat, 

 white, tipped with red at the summit. July. 



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