462 CIV. OLEACEiE. Syrinoa. 



a 5-cleft, urceolate corona, terminating in 5 filiform awns ; filaments 

 distinct, anthers cohering, bearded on the back ; poUinia solitary, 4- 

 lobed ; follicles 2, smooth, divaricate ; seeds comose. — Twining shrubs. 

 Fls. rn umbels or cymes. 



P. Gr^ca, 



Lis. ovate, acuminate; corymbs axillary; cw. villous within. — A climb- 

 ing shrub, 10— 15f long, sparingly naturalized in Western N. Y.. also culti- 

 vated in gardens. Leaves opposite, 3—4' long, \ as wide, and on petioles \' 

 long. Flowers in long, branching, axillary peduncles. Sepals minute, lan- 

 ceolate, acute. Petals' very hairy within, linear, obtuse, dark purple. Folli- 

 cles about 2' long. Aug. 



Order CIII. JASMINACE.E.— jASfflNwoRxs, 



Shrubs, often with twining stenas. Lv<i. opposite or alternate, mostly compound. 



Fls. opposite, in corymbs, white or yellow, mostly fragrant. 



Cal. divided or toothed, persistent. . . . 



Cor. regukr, hypocrateriform, limb in 5—8 divisions, twisted-imbncate m aBstivation. 



Sta. 2, arising from the corolla and included within its tube. 



Ova. free, 2-celled, each cell with 1 erect ovule. S7(/. 1. Stig. 2-lobed. 



Fr. either a double berrj', or a capsule separable into 2. Sds. 2. 



Genera 5, species lOO, ornamental shrubs abounding in tropical India. The essential oil which pervadM 

 the order, residing chietly in the flowers, is exquisitely flagrant. On this account, aB weU 6m tor their 

 beauty, many of these plants are cultivated. 



J A S M I N U M. 



Gr. laafin, perfume ; from the fragrance of the flowers. 



Calyx tubular, 5 — 10-cleft; corolla hypocrateriform, tube long, 

 limb flat, 5— 10-cleft; berry double; seeds 2, solitary, ariled.— 

 Shrubs bushy or climbing. Lvs. opposite, compound. Petioles articu- 

 lated. Fls. paniculate. 



1. J. FRUTicANs. Yellmo Jasmine. — Glabrous, erect; Z'mwcAes angular; lvs. 

 alternate, tritoliate, rarely simple; Ifls. curved ,-/s. few, subterminal ; cal. seg- 

 ments subulate ; cor. tube twice longer than the calyx, limb of 5, obtuse lobes. — 

 S. Europe. Stem 3f high. Flowers yellow, inodorous, tube about 6" long. 

 Propagated by layers, -f 



2. J. OFFICINALE. White Jasmiue. — Smooth, scarcely climbing ; branches sv^y- 

 angulate; Ifts. 3 — 7, lanceolate, acuminate; panicles terminal, few-flowered, 

 corymbose ; cor. tube twice longer than the calyx. — Asia. Stem several feet in 

 length. Flowers white. Both species are beautiful and much cultivated. The 

 deliciously fragrant oil of Jasviine of the shops is extracted from this plant, f 



Order CIY. OLEACE^.— Olives. 



Tri'.es and shrubs, with opposite, simple, sometimes pinnate leaves. 



Fls. perfect (sometimes di(Ecious). Sepals united at base, persistent. [\'ation ; rarely 0. 



Cor.— Petals 4, united below, sometimes distinct but connected in pairs by the filaments, valvate in testi- 



Sta. 2, alternate with the petals. Anth. 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. 



Ova. free, 2-celled. Ovules in pairs, pendulous. Style 1 or 0. Stigma entire or bifid. 



Fr. drupaceous, baccate or samarce, usually l-seeded by abortion. 



Sds.— Albumen dense, fleshy, abundant, twice as long as the straight ewj&ryo. 



Genera 24, species 130, natives of temperate climates. The ash is verj' abundant in N. America. The 

 Phi.lyreas and the Syringas are all Oriental. 



Properties.— Olive oil is expressed from the pericarp of the olive (Olea Europaea). The bark of this 

 tree, and also of the ash, is bitter, astringent and febrifugal. Manna, a sweet, gentle purgative, is the 

 concrete discharge of several species of the Fraxinus, particularly of the European F. Omus. The spe- 

 cies of the ash are well known for their useful timber. 



Conspectus oj the GeTiera. 



( Corolla tube long, including the short stamens. .... Syringa. 1 



< S limb of spreading, ovate segments. . . . Lygustrvm. 2 



tcolored.f Corolla tube short, Mimb of long, linear segments Chionanthut. Z 



Flowers ( green. Fruit a simple samara. Trees with pinnate leaves, .... Fraxinus. 4 



1. SYRINGA. 

 Gr. (Tvpiv^, a shepherd's pipe ; fi-om the use once made of its branches. 



Calyx small, teeth erect; corolla hypocrateriform, tube several 



