430 



XCIV. BORRAGINACEiE. 



ECHIUM. 



Sta. 5, inserted into the corolla and alternate with its lobes. 

 Ova. deeply 4-k)bed, the style arising from the base of the lobes. 

 ».— Nuts or achenia 4, distinct, l-seeded. Seeds without albumen. 

 Embryo with a superior radicle. Cotyledons plano-convex. 



Genera 53, species 600? very abundant in the south of Europe and middle of Asia, becoming rare aa we 

 approach the arctic circle. All our native species are herbaceous. 



Prop«rf2M.— Mucilaginous and emollient plants, never poisonous. 



FIG. 52.— 1. Borrago officinalis. 2. A petal with its appendage at base, and anthers produced at apex. 

 3. Calyx with the 4 achenia and style. 4. Vertical section of one of the achenia, showing the seed, em- 

 bryo and albumen. 5. Plan of the flower. 6. Lithospermum (Batschia) canescens. 7. Corolla laid open, 

 showing the stamens inserted on the tube. 



Corolla 



irregxilar. 



Conspectus of the Genera. 



C Corolla rotate, blue. 

 I Corolla campaimlate. 

 'excavated I Cor. funnel or \ tube straight 



f Ovary 



ply 



fAch. free, 

 j unarmed. 



Echium. 1 



Borrago. 2 



Symphytum. 3 



Avch2isn. 4 



at base. L salver-form, ^ tube twice bent. jLj/cops/s. 5 



J Lvs. rough. Onosmodium. 6 



( dilated. ( Lvs. smooXh.Mertensia. 9 



f Cor. throat < nar- Uobes erect. . Pnlmonaria. 10 



not e.x- ! open and ( row. il lobes spreading.Z.?7/uMpe?TO«OT. 7 



cavale 1 Cor. closed Uellow, large. . . Penta/ophus. 8 



I at base. L at throat, ^ white, small. . . Myosotis. 11 



i deeply 1 ^ Corolla salvertorm. . Echinospermum. \2 



I 4-parted. L Achenia echinate, cohering. ^Corolla funnel-form. . Cynoglossum. 13 



L regular. LOvarj' entire (partible in ftuit) bearing the style at the top. . Heliotropium. 14 



Tribe 1. BORRAGE JE. — Ovar}' consisting of two bipartible (rarely 2-celled) 

 carpels. Stjie arising from the base between the segments of the ovar)^ 

 Fruit deeply 4-(rarely 2-)parted. Seeds without albumen. 

 1. ECHIUM. Buek. 



Gr. c%'J, aviper; from the spotted stem of some species. 



Calyx 5-parted, segments subulate, erect ; corolla campanulate. ob- 

 liquely and unequally lobed, with a short tube and naked orifice ; 

 stigma cleft ; achenia tuberculate, imperforate. — Herbs or shrubs. 

 Fls. irregular., in spicate, panicled racemes. Cor. cyanic. 



E. VULGARE. Viper^s Bnploss. 



St. herbaceous, rough with bristles and tubercles; cauline Zw. lanceolate, 

 and rough with bristles; spikes lateral, hairy, deflected. — A rough plant, with 

 large, handsome, violet-colored flowers, found in fields and waste grounds, N. 

 States. Stem 18 — 20' high, round, with entire, dull green leaves, which are 

 2 — 6' long, and ^ as wide, lower ones petiolate, upner ones amplexicaul. Flow- 

 ers in numerous, crowded, axillarv, recurved spites, appearing in June and 

 July. ^ 



