50 THE POLYNESIAN WANDERINGS. 



proof as convincing as in our civilized estate would be the production 

 of clearance and entry duly attested by tidewaiter and collector of 

 the port. 



We are now brought to a point at which it will be advantageous 

 to offer a check-list of the mutations in the Polynesian material 

 contained in the fundamental data of this work. The standard 

 upon which the comparison is based is the Proto-Samoan, the earlier 

 phase which with as much certainty as ease we may recover from 

 the current Samoan. The figures refer to the data items as pre- 

 sented in the appendix , pp . 1 8 5-43 1 . The figures included within par- 

 entheses indicate that in the vocables thus designated the mutation 

 appears to run concurrently through two or more languages. The 

 point is important and worthy of some note, for it is quite possible 

 that the word stem may of its own constitution carry the mutation 

 into a speech whereto the mutation itself is not normal. To find 

 an excellent instance of this we need look no further than the first 

 subdivision hereunder, the a-e mutation in fanua (292) land, which 

 we find to persist through no less than ten of the eighteen languages 

 involved, yet which is the only instance of this mutation in Maori 

 which our material affords. To the identifying numerals the dia- 

 critical mark of the acute accent has been added when the mutant 

 vowel bears the accent in Samoan or in the speech under examina- 

 tion. This distinction will be found of value in all the languages 

 which retain the penult accent (except where otherwise indicated 

 in the text) normal to Polynesian speech. The Maori, it will be 

 recalled by those familiar with these tongues, has broken away from 

 the Polynesian rule and has devised an accent system of its own. 

 Similarly the degree mark is used to denote the cases in which the 

 mutation occurs in an unaccented final syllable. 



a-e (170, 216, 253, 290, 292, 350) 



Bukabuka. .216, 292 Moriori 73 



Fakaafo .... 292 Niue 147, 397', 350 



Futuna 170' Nukuoro . . . 290 



Hawaii 166, 253' Rarotonga. .216 



Manahiki . . . 292 Rotuma. . . . 360 



Mangareva. . 154, 253', 292, 350 Sikayana. . . 292 



Maori 292 Tahiti 183 , 216, 292 



Marquesas . .80, 89, 193, 258, 274, Tonga 170', 290, 350 



275a, 290, 292, 322 Uvea 148', 292 



Moiki 292 Viti 164' , 188' 



a-t 



Moriori 350 Tahiti 2 16 



Niue 290 Viti i39&° 



a-o (216, 271, 292) 



Hawaii 193, 292 Tonga 92, 107, 167, 216,271°, 



Marquesas .75, 163, 2 16 277, 292 



Moriori 214'° Uvea 271° 



Niue 93', 2 16, 292 



Rotuma. . . 239', 290, 291', 294', 328' 

 351,352' 



