132 THE POLYNESIAN WANDERINGS. 



Distinctively Melanesian mutations are: K to kh, to mk, to h, to m, to 

 v, to w, to y. The M-change is of the same order as the ^-mutation, a 

 further move in the same series. The mk of Baki is but a prefatory rein- 

 forcement. 



The purely Melanesian mutations are : K to h, to m, to v, to w, to y. 



N 



Common to the two families are : N to /, to r, to ng. None is frequent in 

 Polynesia ; the /-mutation occurs in Nukuoro and Samoa and in but one 

 word (fonu-volu 296), the r-mutationin but a single word in Rotuma and 

 Tahiti. In Melanesia the mutations to ng and l-r are of wide extent. 



Distinctively Melanesian mutations are: N to gn, to ny, to m, to t, to 

 extinction. The first of these is probably an ng-form, for we recall that 

 the early missionaries in the Pacific adopted that spelling in the case of 

 Rarotogna for the indisputable Rarotonga. 



The purely Melanesian mutations are: N to ny, to m, to t, to extinction. 



H 



The aspirate is difficult to trace in Polynesia. It is preserved as aspira- 

 tion only in Niue, Tonga and Uvea ; it appears as j in Rotuma and Viti, 

 as th in Viti, and once as w in Hawaii. In Melanesia the aspiration is 

 preserved quite widely, still more widely it has passed into the sibilant. 

 The //i-mutation appears in Belaga and Guadalcanal 



The purely Melanesian mutations are : H to t, to d, to ts, to ;', to /, to v, 

 to extinction. 



Common to the two families are : S to sh, to h, to th, to extinction. In 

 each family the most widely extended mutation is that from the sibilant 

 to the aspiration. 



Distinctively Melanesian mutations are : S to z, to t, to d , to k, to r, to y, 

 to w. 



Common to the two families are : T to nd, to /, to th, to s, to k, to extinc- 

 tion. In Polynesia the widest extent is measured by the t-k mutation. 

 In Melanesia no one mutation has a marked frequency over several others. 



Distinctively Melanesian mutations are : T to d, to dr, to ndr, to h, to r, 

 to n, to m, to w, to g. The d-mutation is but a slight variant upon t itself, 

 the ^-mutation is a variant of the fe-mutation. 



The purely Melanesian mutations are : T to dr, to ndr, to h, to r, to n, to 

 m, to w, to g. 



M 



In Polynesia the sole variation upon the labial nasal (m-ng) occurs in but 

 a single word in Maori and Viti. Similarly in Melanesia this, the only 

 common mutation, occurs in but a single word, not the same, however, as 

 the Polynesian, in Alo Teqel and Do. 



