286 THE POLYNESIAN WANDERINGS. 



"To load, "he says, "to make sink, to immerse," and all because the Arabians 

 of the nights use for immerse a word which he thinks to look like uta. 



The word, belonging to both migration swarms, is practically one from 

 Melanesia to the Paumotu, both in form and in sense. Very little, there- 

 fore, calls for comment. In the Marquesas utatina involves the termination 

 Una peculiar to that language, but which has the same function as the 

 common nga or na wherewith nouns are formed from verbs. Our Uvea 

 dictionary is very jejune, but there can be no doubt that uuta has the char- 

 acteristic cargo sense. In Viti we encounter the t-s mutation, which is by 

 no means unusual in that speech and will be found elsewhere in Melanesia. 

 The Malagasy has the usual distortion of the resemblance of the words in 

 that language which stem upon the Polynesian. 



EFATE-MELANESIAN-POLYNESIAN-MALAY-SEMITIC. 



239- 

 asua, to smoke. 



Samoa: asu, smoke. Nuguria: ohu, thin smoke ; aw, thick smoke. 

 Nukuoro: asu, smoke. Rotuma: aasu, osu, id. Tonga, 



Niue, Uvea: ahu, id. Futuna : afu, id. Maori: au, auahi, id. 

 Tahiti: au, smoke, vapor; au auahi, smoke; auahi, fire. Ma- 

 ngareva : aw, cloudy mist on the ocean ; ahu, mist, cloud ; auahi, 

 smoke. Marquesas: auahi, smoke, vapor. Rapanui: au, 

 auahi, steam, vapor. Hawaii: uahi, a cloud, a vaporous 

 appearance. Rarotonga: auai, smoke. 

 Moanus: kdsu, kdsumoan {moan, fire), smoke. Sariba, Panaieti, 

 Mukawa: kasu, id. Awalama: bogahu, id. Malekula Aulua : 

 basua, id. Galavi: basu, id. Taupota: bahubahu, id. 



Wedau, Boniki : bau, id. Motu : qalahu, id. Nifilole : nggasi, id. 

 Ulawa, Bululaha : sasu, id. Alite: r asu, id. Malo, Tangoan 

 Santo, Maewo, Merlav, Gog, Mota, Wango, Fagani, Suau, Dobu : 

 asu, id. Sesake: asua, id. Savo: azuazu, id. Mosin: as, id. 

 Mafoor (New Guinea) : aas, id. Malekula Pangkumu: ese, id. 

 Ambrym: walehi, id. Vuras: es, id. Sasar, Alo Teqel, Pak: 

 os, id. Santo: osun, id. Nggao: ngganggahu, id. Bugotu, 

 Nggela,Omba: ahu,id. Motlav, Volow, Arag: aho, id. Lakon: 

 ahauav, id. Lo: hiev, id. Roro: hiavu, id. Norbarbar: ah, 

 suio, id. Buka: uruhu, orru, id. Nada, Murua: museu, id. 

 Kiriwina: umseu, id. 

 Malay: asap, smoke. Malagasy: ctuna, id. 

 Hebrew: 'as' en, 'as'an, to smoke. Arabic: 'at' ana, id. 

 As between the two migrations we observe that the Tongafiti has under- 

 gone a loss of the consonant element. Our Melanesian homogenetic forms 

 are numerous and widely placed; we shall have to examine several con- 

 siderable changes, but in not a single instance do we find this central con- 

 sonant obliterated. 



When we look more closely into the Tongafiti languages we shall see that 

 au has not only lost the radical s; it has scarcely succeeded in retaining the 

 recollection of its own meaning. Mangareva is the only Tongafiti speech 

 which recalls the consonant, in ahu, and this is paralleled by au; and both 

 have gone so far away from the brands of the fire as to mean no more than 



