272 THE POLYNESIAN WANDERINGS. 



Sikayana: matua, old. Aniwa: tomatua, to be able. Hawaii, 

 Paumotu : makua, parent, old, mature. Fotuna: mahtua, old. 

 Viti: matua, ripe, mature. 



Nggela : kukua, ancestors. Laur : imdtuk, ripe. Lambell : makos, 

 id. Lamassa: imakos, id. Bierian: matua, old; tamatua, old 

 man. Tanna : matu, ripe. Santo: metu a, ripe. Mota: matua, 

 ripe, full-grown. Aneityum : meto, ripe. Pala: matua, uncle. 

 Malagasy: matoa, eldest son or daughter. Malay: mdntuwah, a 

 parent-in-law ; mentua, mother. Macassar : matowang, father- 

 in-law. 

 Three senses are involved herein, to be old, to be ripe, parent. I should 

 like to see my way to the idea that age is the central idea, but the mate- 

 rial does not warrant this conclusion — or, in fact, any. The three senses 

 (assuming the mature of the dictionaries to cover ripe) appear concurrently 

 in Tonga, Uvea, Futuna, Hawaii, Paumotu. In Samoa matua does not 

 mean ripe and that language is not included in this category. Concurrence 

 of the two senses old and parent obtains in Samoa, Niue, Tahiti, Mangareva. 

 Differentiated forms (matua, motua) are found in Tonga, Niue, Mangareva ; 

 and in Tahiti matua, mitua, and metua. In Tonga and Niue motua is old 

 and matua is parent, which is its sole signification in Maori, Manahiki, and 

 Tongarewa. But in Tahiti and Mangareva the usage is opposite. In the 

 Marquesas motua is the only form and its only sense is father. 



In our Melanesian area Nggela kukua ancestors is included only as sug- 

 gesting a partial resemblance. Efate is the only language which gives the 

 stem an extended range of meaning. Bierian shares with it the common 

 Polynesian signification of old. All the other forms have the sole meaning 

 of ripe and the languages employ other words for age and parent. 



217. 

 tema na, tama na, father. 

 In the same sense — 



Samoa, Fakaafo: tama. Aniwa: tama. Tonga, Uvea: tamai. 

 Futuna, Sikayana, Fotuna, Nuguria, Nukuoro: tamana. 



Viti: tama, father. 



Pala, New Britain : tama. Redscar Bay (N.G.) : tamaa. Aneityum : 

 etma. Eromanga: temi. Mota: tamai. Nifilole: tumai. 

 Mota, Duke of York, Buka, Baravon, Nggela, Laur, King, 

 vSesake, Malo, Bierian, Tangoan Santo, Arag, Vaturanga,Bugotu, 

 Motu, Sinaugoro, Rubi, Suau, Sariba, Tubetube, Panaieti, 

 Misima, Nada, Murua, Kiriwina, Dobu, Mukawa, Kubiri, Raqa, 

 Kiviri: tama. Oiun: tame. Tanna: timi(n). Santo: tima. 

 Pokau, Doura : kama. Ulawa, Wango, Uni: 'ama. Fagani: 

 wama. Saa, Bululaha, Wagawaga, Mekeo, Hula, Keapara, 

 Galoma, Tavara, Awalama, Taupota,Wedau : ama. Roro : hama. 

 Nggao, Lo : ma. Mota, Omba, Gog, Alite, New Georgia, Koita, 

 Motu : mama. Boniki, Galavi : mamai. Merlav, Lakon, Pak, 

 Sasar, Vuras, Mosin, Alo Teqel, Motlav, Volow, Norbarbar : mam. 

 Malekula, Tangoan Santo : tata. Nengone: chacha. Baki: ka- 

 rama. Panaieti, Misima : nam. Tagula : rama. Raqa: dada. 



