280 THE POLYNESIAN WANDERINGS. 



The Proto-Samoan stem is lua. The Mangarevan akaruta is quite 

 singular, and, while not succeeding in identifying its primitive ruta, I can 

 not admit it as a lua derivative. The same word akaruta cited by Tregear 

 from the Marquesas is not found in Bishop Dordillon's dictionary. 



The le and lai of Efate are profoundly degenerate forms if they be really 

 of the lua stem. The most degenerate form in Melanesia is the ru of Male- 

 kula and the ro as a component of Aneityum a-lo. The discovery of these 

 two forms in the sense to vomit gives a certain probability to the Viti lu 

 in a sense which, while different, is not wholly irreconcilable with this stem. 

 The Efate sense "to put out the tongue (or anything) " — and I am free to 

 acknowledge that I can not imagine what Dr. Macdonald means within the 

 parentheses — finds support in Aneityum aluo and aluun, to put out the 

 tongue, to thrust out the tongue, respectively. But the sense is only 

 remotely, if at all, related to the stem sense of lua. 



The Indonesian carries lua identifications with much extraneous matter. 

 The value of the Semitic identification wholly fails to appear. 



229. 

 ma i, to chew (softening food for an infant). 



Samoa, Tonga, Futuna, Tahiti, Rapanui, Marquesas : mama, to chew. 

 Niue: mama, a mouthful, that which is chewed. Hawaii: 

 mama, to chew with a view to spit out of the mouth. Man- 

 gareva : mama, to chew, to bruise with the teeth. Nukuoro : 

 manga, to chew. Uvea: maanga, a morsel. 

 Viti : mama, to chew, used chiefly of the kava root. 

 Aneityum : a-mai, to chew (kava or any bark) . 

 Malay: mam ah, to chew. 



Arabic: ma"ma"a, to chew meat, but not wholly. 



230. 

 manga, maka, to open out, to gape, to wonder, to speak, to open the jaws ; 

 tnangamanga, to gape often and rapidly, to pant, manga, a 

 part of the names of places, as gorges and valleys, and especially 

 of the abysses of Hades below Bokas. 

 Samoa: manga, a branch of anything forked, as a tree, river, road 

 or fishhook ; tnangamanga, branched, forked ; fa'amanga, to open 

 the mouth, to gape ; fa'amangai, to set astride. Tonga : manga, 

 a branch of a tree, road, fishhook, stream, open, forked, spread- 

 ing ; mangamanga, to branch off, to spread open ; mamanga, to 

 stride, to extend the legs; fakamanga, to open, to gape; faka- 

 mangamanga, to barb, to jag, to make forked. Futuna : manga, 

 a branch, a fork ; fakamanga, to have the legs spread out. Niue : 

 manga, forked ; mangaua, cloven ; fakamanga, to open the mouth, 

 to gape; fakamamanga, to straddle, to open the mouth, to 

 spread out, to extend. Maori: manga, the branch of a tree 

 or a river. Mangareva: manga, the branch of a tree, forked, 

 cloven. Paumotu: manga, a branch, a division. Rapanui: 

 mangamanga, a branch ; mangamanga rima, a finger. Hawaii : 

 mana, a branch, a limb, to branch out, to be divided. Mar- 

 quesas: mana, a branch, as of a river. Tahiti: maa, cloven, 

 divided; amaa, the branch of a tree. 



