326 THE POLYNESIAN WANDERINGS. 



Note: Balu-saki is the same as vothe-taka. The verb " to row " is balu, vothe, (m)beluo, 

 (m)bahua, vui, masu, and without the preformative b', (v' , m'), asua, sua, dayung, and 

 the I in balu, th in vothe, h in mbahua, s in sua, d in dayung, all are variations of the 

 same original consonant which is elided in vui. The word for oar, ai vothe, fivui, is in 

 Efate uose, d. uohe (wose, woke), Futuna joi. In Futuna the connection between sua, 

 to paddle, and foi, an oar or paddle, is not so apparent as that between Malekula Pang- 

 kumu su, to paddle, and bos, a paddle, because in joi, as in vui (Viti vothe) the s has 

 been elided; and the connection between Efate balu, to paddle, and uose, a paddle, is 

 not so apparent as that between Epi mbahua, to paddle, and voho, a paddle, Epi d. 

 bahua, to paddle, and boho, a paddle. Arabic gadaja, kadafa, (or 'at'afa) , Amharic kaza} 

 (or 'azaf), to propel with oars, to row, Modern Arabic kaddaf, or ' addaf, part, mo' addij 

 (anc. mo'addif, or mo'azzij, cf. vothe, bose, uose, vui, foi). Sua is without the preforma- 

 tive, cf. 'azafa, 'addaf: balu seems to have the same prefix as Samoa pale, to row, with- 

 out which is Samoa alo (ps. alofia), and alo-fa'i, to paddle, row, and with another verb, 

 Samoa taualo, to row, to keep on rowing. 



The foregoing is cited from Dr. Macdonald's work, an excellent example 

 of his dictionary method : I subjoin a few notes from the Melanesian tract 

 as a slight addition to the record. 



Mota: sua, to paddle; suava, a paddling. Buka: sschue, soa, to 

 row. Matupit: walua, to row. Baravon : wahie-vue, to row 

 off. Lambell: valiso, to paddle. King: vulusii, id. Lamassa: 

 iavds, id. Moiki: ango, to row, is Polynesian, Samoan alo, 

 under the influence of the local change of / to ng. 

 281. 

 baro-si, baru-si, to rub, to grate ; farofaro, a thing which rasps. 



Samoa: valu, to scratch, to scrape out (as coconuts) ; valu, to scrape 

 (as taro); valusanga, scrapings (as of taro). Tonga: valu, to 

 scrape. Futuna: valu, to rub, to rasp, to scrape. Nuguria: 

 valuvalu, to peel taro. Tahiti: varu, van, to shave, to bark 

 a tree, to scratch. Mangareva: varu, to scrape fruit, to cut 

 the hair. Rapanui : varuvaru, to scrape, to rasp, to shave, to 

 plane, to peel; hauhau, to scrape. Marquesas: vau, to shave; 

 vavau, to scrape cooked breadfruit. Maori: warn, to scrape, 

 to shave, to cut hair quite close; waruwaru, peeled. Hawaii: 

 walu, to scratch, to rub, to rasp, to polish. Niue: halu, to 

 scrape, to peel. Fotuna : wurusia, to scrape. 

 Viti : voaluya, to rub or scrape pandanus leaves to render them pliant 

 for mat-making ; wandrutha, to clear the nose of mucus, to wipe 

 dirt off a thing with the hand; varota, to saw, to file, to rasp. 

 Mai : barusi, to scrape. 

 Malay: paras, to shave, to pare close to the surface. Malagasy: 



fara, to scrape, to scratch, to make smooth. 

 Arabic : faraka, to rub, to grate. 

 The Proto-Samoan stem is varus, which reappears in Efate, Viti {wandru- 

 tha), Fotuna, Mai and Malay. While the two Samoan words are akin in 

 sense it would seem that they have different stems, or perhaps that valu 

 is a modification by vowel prolongation entered upon when the closing con- 

 sonant of the stem had dropped from memory; the evidence for this lies 

 in the objective aspect of the two verbs, of valu valusia, of valu valua. On 

 the other hand the noun of action derived from valu, taro scrapings, is 

 recorded by Pratt in the two forms valunga (without the macron) and valu- 



