DATA AND NOTES. 335 



parau is of most modern type ; in form and meaning it is exactly Indonesian ; 

 I have no hesitation in assigning it to the Post- Polynesian period and to 

 Malaysian rovers, all the more since Matupit lies in the jaws of the eastern 

 gateway. The explanation of Moriori wharau eludes our search. With 

 this exception the word is Nuclear Polynesian, and Moriori is a curious sur- 

 vival of an uncomprehended migration earlier than the current Maori, before 

 whose coming it was driven onward to the chill of the Chatham Islands. 



It is impossible to reconcile with this stem of fl the Semitic mrkb. Not 

 only is the latter of a far more complicated nature, but the only point in 

 which it suggests fl is in the r and the b, and these are not only in an order 

 the reverse of fl but they are parted as well by k, one of the most permanent 

 of consonants as it is one of the first acquired. 



288. 

 bulo ki, bulosi, bulusi, bulisi, to turn, to twist ; tafolo, to be turned, twisted ; 

 tafulus, to be turned; bolonga, tafllonga, to turn itself (as a 

 thing sinking in water) ; bulora, filora, twisted, confused (as a 

 lot of things turned or twisted about). 

 Samoa : full, to turn over, to capsize ; fulifuli, to roll over and over ; 

 mafuli, to be turned over, upset ; tafuli, to turn over. Tonga : 

 fulihi, to turn over, to upset, to reverse ; mafuli, to be capsized ; 

 tafuli, to move around. Futuna: fuli, fulisi, to turn, to over- 

 turn, to reverse ; mafuli, id. Niue : fuluhi, to turn, to overturn ; 

 mafuluhi, turned over. Uvea: fuli, fulihi, to turn over, to 

 overthrow. Hawaii : huli, to turn in general, to turn over and 

 about. Maori: huri, to turn around, to overturn, to roll over; 

 hurihuri, to turn over in the mind, to ponder. Tahiti: huri, 

 to turn over, to roll. Sikayana : huri, to turn over. Rapanui : 

 huri, hakahuri, to turn over; tahuri, to pirouette. Rarotonga: 

 uri, to turn over, to roll over. Marquesas: hut, to turn over, 

 to roll. 

 Viti : voli, to go around ; volivoli, to revolve. 



Aneityum : uhuri, to dig or root as a pig. Motu : huro, a grindstone. 

 Malay: pulas, to wring, to wrist, to turn, to turn round, to turn aside 

 out of the way. Java: pulis, id. Malagasy: vorivory, round, 

 circular. 

 Hebrew: palas, to turn round, to twist, to spin. Arabic: falakat, 

 a spindle. 

 The Proto-Samoan stem is fulis. 



We are therefore in no doubt as to the Efate forms involving the sibilant. 

 The remaining forms may with varying degrees of certainty be connected 

 with forms in s. 



In Polynesian, as is quite common, the fulis stem is readily discoverable 

 in Nuclear Polynesia. The Tongafiti languages use the abraded form and 

 betray no recollection of the earlier closed stem. 



The Viti voli is not quite satisfactory as an identification. Its definite 

 transitive is voli-ta. This may suggest a stem volit, yet in the Viti verb we 

 can never be quite certain that ta may not have acquired sufficient identity 

 as a mere termination to be applied to any open stem without consideration 

 of what former closing consonant may have been abraded. 



