310 THE POLYNESIAN WANDERINGS. 



The Samoan tausanga seems to suggest a taus stem. This can not further 

 be recognized in Polynesia; therefore we are not justified in putting it 

 forward adversely to the taun stem which appears in all the Indonesian 

 identifications and in Melanesia is found in New Britain. 



The Semitic is impossible except Modern Syriac zona, and that is but a 

 partial resemblance. 



268. 



telei, talai, the ancient axe or adze-like axe (a shell) . 



Samoa : talai, to adze. Tonga : talai, to smooth off rough edges. 

 Futuna: talai, to cut off knots or thorns. Niue: toki talai, 

 an adze. Maori: tarai, tarei, to chop or smooth as with an 

 adze. Tahiti: tarai, to chop or adze a piece of timber; toi 

 tarai, an adze. Mangaia : tarai, to adze, to hew. Mangareva : 

 tarai, to rough hew. Paumotu : tarai, to cut, to hew. Hawaii : 

 kalai, id. Marquesas : tadi, to smooth with an axe or tool. 



Motu: talai, to chop. Mota: tara, to hew, chop, cut. Merlav: 

 tara, to cut. Massim: tara, to cut off. Gog: tar, to cut. 

 Volow: ter, id. Aneityum: inpas aterei, adze. 



Malay: charai, to part, to separate. 



Arabic: s'araha, to cut, to slice, to carve, to dissect. 



This stem is readily identified as homogenetic in Polynesia and Mela- 

 nesia, and it preserves the verb-formative i as far away as Motu. The 

 undoubtedly earlier verb tara exists in Mota and Merlav, and has undergone 

 terminal abrasion in Gog and Volow. In the Aneityum locution aterei has 

 altogether the appearance of identity with talai; but Inglis in his vocabu- 

 lary of that language defines the word: aterei, crooked, bent; inpas aterei, 

 an adze. Inference should not be allowed to outbalance the record of the 

 reporter; therefore we leave the matter open pending further research in 

 the field. 



In the Malay charai we find a change of initial t which is not wholly 

 without precedent, but of far greater moment is the change of sense ; the 

 identification is, therefore, doubtful. 



The Semitic is remote from talai both in form and in sense. 



269. 

 toki, an axe; tok, violence, force. 



Tonga, Futuna, Niue, Uvea, Nukuoro, Fotuna, Mangaia, Marquesas : 

 toki, an axe, a hatchet. Maori, Mangareva: toki, an axe, an 

 adze, or similar tool. Tongarewa: toki, an adze. Rapanui: 

 toki, a stone axe. Nuguria: toki, a shell axe. Paumotu: 

 toki, to hit, strike, drive in, the edge of tools. Samoa: to'i, 

 a hatchet. Tahiti : toi, a hatchet or tomahawk. Hawaii : 

 koi, a small adze. 



Duke of York: torki, toki, to cut or lance, to cut out a spear point. 

 Mota: toto, totogag, to chop. Aneityum: cf. etuko, to split 

 wood. 



Baliyon: tuk, to chop. 



Arabic: takka, to cut. Hebrew: tok, violence. 



