DATA AND NOTES. 429 



abrasion of the final vowel, yielding Eromanga mpokas, Efate bwakas and 

 bwokas; and Aneityum pigath derives from this stage. The second altera- 

 tion is abrasion of the then final consonant yielding Tanna puka'. The 

 Efate bwakas affords the transition phase to the puaka type of Polynesia in 

 general, which is found in Lifu and Nengone (yet possibly a direct intro- 

 duction by Samoan missionaries) and in boako of New Georgia. Efate 

 uango, uak, Sesake wango, derive from puaka by frontal abrasion and k-ng 

 mutation. 



The next stem is boro. In New Guinea we encounter boro with ra-accre- 

 tion, Kabadi boroma, Motu buruma, Miriam borom. As boro the stem is 

 found in the eastern gateway, New Britain, Duke of York, New Ireland, 

 in boroi, boro, mbolo, polo, boalo, bouri, botho, bosu, mbor. 



The third stem is po. This appears in a wide range of forms. It is not 

 beyond probability that po may be an attrition form of boro. The Laur 

 mbor, in a district adjacent to boro forms, and the Solomon Island boa may 

 provide transition phases leading to po. 



The forms found in Buka are not susceptible of derivation from any of 

 these three forms. 



In Indonesia Waigiou bo and Mysot boh are satisfactorily identified with 

 the Melanesian po-stem. The Malay babi, Buru babue, offers a difficulty. 

 Codrington (Melanesian Languages, 86) offers Sanguir and Salibabo bawi 

 as a transition to boh and bo. 



The Semitic, fk stem, can not be brought into relationship with our 

 primal pakasi. 



362. 

 ula, a maggot. 



Samoa, Futuna, Hawaii: ilo, a worm or maggot in putrid flesh or 

 ulcers. Maori, Tahiti, Mangareva: iro, id. Fotuna: eiro, id. 

 Viti: uloulo, a maggot. 

 Motu: uloulo, a maggot. Mota, Malo: ulo, id. Baki: ilo, id. 



Malekula: na-uru, id. 

 Malay: ulat, a maggot. Malagasy: ulitra, id. 

 Ethiopic : 'es'e, a worm ; 'as'ya, to breed worms. 



The identifications are quite satisfactory, the i-u vowel change being well 

 established. While the ilo forms are characteristically Polynesian and ulo 

 characteristically Melanesian, Baki ilo is a Melanesian occurrence of the 

 Polynesian form. The Efate ula has the same vowel scheme as Malay ulat. 



The Semitic forms have no possible relation to the island forms. 



363. 

 uose, uos, uohe, an oar, a paddle. 



Tonga: fohe, a paddle; taufoe, a rope belonging to the steer oar. 

 Niue: fohe, a paddle. Samoa: foe, a paddle; foefoe, to paddle 

 briskly. Futuna: foe, an oar, a paddle. Fotuna: foi, id. 

 Maori, Tahiti, Marquesas, Nukuoro, Nuguria, Rapanui, Tonga- 

 rewa : hoe, a paddle, an oar, to row, to paddle. Mangareva : 

 hoe, id. ; ohe, an oar, a paddle. Hawaii : hoe, a paddle; hoehoe, 

 to row. 

 Viti : vothe, a paddle, to paddle. 



