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is a goad plan to flood and wash the stalls and gutters once 

 or twice per day, because nothing is more frequently injurious 

 to the milk than the dry manure particles that float around 

 in the air and settle on the cows, walls, etc., and then drop 

 into the milk at time of milking. Filthy barns may be 

 responsible for the greatest amount of bacterial infection of 

 the milk. 



Good Ventilation will help purify and disinfect the barns. 

 Doors, windows and ventilators should be sufficiently numer- 

 ous to enable one to direct the drafts and to flood the barn 

 with pure air and sunshine. Winter and summer ventilation 

 may differ in degree, but it should not be neglected in winter 

 even in colder places than in Alabama. Air spaces should be 

 sufficient to give at least 500 cubic feet of air to each cow. 



Dairy cows should be given six hours of exercise in the 

 open air every day. Of course this is best taken in a pasture, 

 but exercise in a lot, morning and evening, is a relief from 

 the close conflnement in stalls. The opposite extreme may be 

 found where the cows are exposed to all kinds of cold, rainy 

 weather. Such treatment means great loss, because it is 

 cheaper to give protection than to give a greater amount of 

 feed in order co produce extra animal heat. 



The location of the barn and other dairy buildings should 

 be carefully selected. It is best to locate them upon elevated 

 places where surface drainage can be readily obtained. Com- 

 bination buildings should be avoided. It is unwise to have 

 silos, milk room and stalls all under one roof or too near one 

 another. Cow stalls should never surround a silo, because 

 ventilation is poor and the cows suffer with heat. The stalls 

 should be so arranged that the feed may be given to each 

 animal from the front. The partitions between the stalls 

 should prevent one animal from reaching another. The stalls 

 should be at least four feet wide and have the proper length. 

 If the stalls are too long the manure and urine will not fall 

 into the gutter; if the stalls are too short the hind quarters 

 and the tail will be in the gutter fllth when the cow lies down. 



The cow should be kept clean by brushing and, if neces- 

 sary, by washing. This not only prevents milk from be- 



