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coming infected, but also improves the condition of the cows 

 to such a degree that they will give more milk. A clean cow, 

 properly groomed, will give more and purer milk than an 

 ungroomed cow. Dairy cows should be thoroughly brushed 

 and cleaned at least once per day; the best time to do this 

 is at 8 or 9 o'clock in the morning. Just before milking^ 

 the udder, the abdomen, the flanks and thighs should be 

 brushed, to remove all loose hair and dust particles. It is a 

 good plan to wash the udder, especially the teats, but they 

 should be completely dry before milking. 



The milker should observe strict personal cleanliness. 

 When milking he should wear a special suit of washable 

 overalls and jacket or a long washable apron with sleeves. 

 It is necessary that he should have three or four changes 

 of milking suits or aprons. The hands should be washed 

 and the finger nails be cut close and well brushed. After 

 milking one cow he should thoroughly cleanse his hands 

 before milking another, because this insures greater cleanli- 

 ness and prevents the transmission from one cow to another 

 of such diseases as infectious garget and cow-pox. The 

 practice, which is too common among negro servants, of 

 wetting the teats with the milk, and milking the cow entirely 

 by stripping, cannot be too severely condemned. The milk- 

 ing should be done with the full hand by producing a wave 

 of pressure that begins at the upper part of the teat or the 

 lower part of the quarter and passes down over the teat to 

 its lower end; this is produced by the successive closing of 

 the thumb and fingers in a grasping manner. This involves 

 no pulling or friction, and every drop of the milk can thus 

 be removed from the udder. By using the stripping process 

 in milking the friction and pulling causes scales and dust 

 particles to fall into the milk. 



In order that the reader may comprehend the necessity for 

 cleanliness in all things in connection with the dairy a list of 

 dirt impurities t'outid ia milk by microscopic examination 

 will here be given : 



Manure particles; soil particles; cow and human hair; 

 mold, bacteria and other fungi; woolen, cotton and linen 



