254 



For an extended discussion of tbe methods of sterilization- 

 and pasteurization see Bulletin No. 44 of the Wisconsin 

 Experiment Station, and Bulletin No. 53 of the Alabama 

 Experiment Station. 



How to Disinfect a Barn or Dairy House.— The ceiling 

 and the walls should be as smooth as possible, so that little or 

 no dust will be caught by them ; they should also be made of 

 material that will stand washing. It goes without saying 

 that the floors should be made to stand frequent flooding 

 and scouring. In disinfecting the first requisite is thorough 

 cleansing of ceiling and walls with water, soap and brush. If 

 possible use hot instead of cold water. The floors should then 

 b3 scrupulously cleansed. The walls and ceiling may next be 

 covered with a whitewash that contains one fluid ounce of 

 formalin or carbolic acid to every gallon of whitewash ; or 

 formalin may be added to water in the proportion of one fluid 

 ounce to one gallon of water, and sprinkled over the ceiling, 

 the walls and floors at night. The building should then be 

 kept closed until next morning, when it may be thoroughly 

 ventilated. A 2 to 4 per cent, solution of creolin may be used 

 instead of the formalin solution. A strong formaldehyde gas 

 generator may be kept going in the cleaned and closed build- 

 ing during the night. If the dairy buildings are kept scru- 

 pulously clean it will not be necessary to disinfect them more 

 frequently than once a year. 



Modified Milk.— This term usually means the changing of 

 cow's milk so that its composition will be very near the same 

 as mother's or woman's milk. According to chemical analy- 

 ses cow's milk contains about three times as much casein as 

 woman's milk, and the latter contains 6.2 per cent, of milk 

 sugar, while the former contains only 4.9 per cent. Hence, if 

 cow's milk is fed to an infant, the milk should be so modified 

 that its composition will closely approximate that of mother's 

 milk. In some of the large cities the Walker-Gordon Labor- 

 atory Company prepare and sell modified milk ; but a rela- 

 tively accurate modified milk may be made at home under the 

 direction of the family physician or the qualified graduate 

 nurse. This subject is very plainly treated in " The Care and 



