STUDIES ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPER- 

 TIES OF VEGETABLE SAPS 



3. A comparison of the physico-chemical constants of the Juices 



expressed from the wall with those from the included carpel- 



lary whorl in proliferous fruits of Passiflora gracilis 



J. ARTHUR HARRIS and ROSS AIKEN GORTNER, 



WITH THE COLLABORATION OF JOHN V. LAWRENCE 



(Carnegie Institution of Washington. Station for Expcrinicntal Evolution, Cold 



Spring Harbor, N. Y.) 



(WITH PLATE 3) 



I. Introduction. In this paper we present a limited portion 

 of the data which we have gathered concerning the physico-chemi- 

 cal properties of the expressed Juices of morphologically differenti- 

 ated fruits of Passiflora gracilis. 



Our purpose in carrying out this work has been to ascertain 

 whether there may not be chemical differences underlying, or at 

 least associated with, morphological dilTerences in plant organs. 

 The fruits of Passiflora gracilis furnish excellent material for such 

 a study. One of us (Harris, 1906 ) has described some of the more 

 common almormalities in these fruits. Later ( Gortner and Harris, 

 191 3) we attempted on a small scale to ascertain whether there is 

 any consistent chemical difiference between normal and teratolog- 

 ical fruits. The results of this investigation led to work with im- 

 proved methods of analysis during the summer of 1913. when some 

 800 individual samples (400 teratological and an equal number of 

 normal controls) of fruits were examined. All of these data have 

 not as yet been assembled; results from another season's cultures 

 will be secured before ccnclusions are drawn concerning certain of 

 the relationships. 



This paper is limited to a comparison of the properties of the 

 Juices expressed from the wall of the al)n()rmal fruit with those 

 from the mass of abnormal tissue which it contains. 



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