214 Proceedings Columbia Biochemical Association [March, 



of calcium chlorld caused a positive calcium balance. When the 

 sugar excretion stopped, the calcium loss was much reduced. Cal- 

 cium was determined by the McCrudden method. 



i6o. A modification of the Wulf -Junghans method for the 

 diagnosis of gastric Cancer. Max Kahn and Isidore Jacob- 

 owiTZ. {Chem. Lab., Beth Israel Hosp., N. Y. City.) The 

 patient is given an Ewald test breakfast. The stomach is then 

 thoroughly flushed, and the washings examined for nitrogen by the 

 Kjeldahl method and for albumin by the Pfeiffer method. If the 

 nitrogen is more than i8 mg. per loo cc. of gastric contents and, if 

 the albumin is more than 0.5 part per thousand, malignancy is 

 suggested. 



161. Condition of nutrition in nephrectomized patients. 

 Max Kahn and William Spielberg. {Chem. Lab., Beth Israel 

 Hosp., N. Y. City.) Two cases of nephrectomy were studied. 

 The various ordinary urinary constituents were normal in propor- 

 tion, except that, in one case, neutral sulfur was much increased. 



162. A study of the correlation of agglutinative and fer- 

 mentative characters among the Streptococci. I. J. Kligler. 

 (Dep't of Public Health, Amer. Museum of Natural Hist., N. Y. 

 City.) Bacteria have evolved so little along gross structural lines 

 that it is impossible to differentiate members of the same genus on a 

 merely physical basis. Bacteriologists therefore resort to the more 

 delicate criteria of protoplasmic structure and physiological activity, 

 in which direction remarkable differentiation exists. Tests for 

 the finer structural differences of these organisms are found in their 

 behavior to differential stains, like the Gram stain; and to the im- 

 mune substances induced by them in the animal body. Their phys- 

 iological activity is measured by determining the end products of 

 their metabolism. Bacteria generally have evolved in two main 

 directions, one group possessing marked carbohydrate-splitting 

 properties, the other having developed the property of digesting 

 various protein substances. The Streptococci belong to the former 

 division, showing but little tendency to effect proteolysis. 



It appears natural enough to assume that the biologic activities 

 of a cell correspond with its protoplasmic Constitution. Yet such a 

 correlation has not been worked out except in a few isolated cases. 



