1915] 'S". /. Meltzer 287 



of attaining desirable results; that a remedy which promises to 

 bring some help, be it ever so small. is not to be despised, and that 

 a sum of such reniedies mav save even a bad case. 



It seems to me quite probable that interracial and international 

 morals are also subject to evolutionary influences and are undergo- 

 ing a developmental process ; but the progress is extremely slow be- 

 cause it has to struggle against the beastly nature of man. Even the 

 development of intranational morality is a slow process; it must 

 have taken many thousands of years before it reached its present 

 stage. The present condition of international ethics would perhaps 

 appear to us even quite high, if we had the means to compare it with 

 its Status of hundreds of thousands of years ago. This recognition, 

 namely, that interracial and international morals are undergoing a 

 progressive development, but that their progress is necessarily very 

 slow, seems to me to be a very useful one; because it encourages us 

 to try to accelerate this progress, be the rate of the possible increase 

 in the acceleration ever so small and be the means at our disposal 

 for accomplishing it ever so meager. 



I do not consider it as my province to try to discuss here all sorts 

 of means which possibly may serve to increase progress in inter- 

 national morality. My chief purpose is, as stated at the beginning, 

 to Dring torward the value of medical sciences and medical men EvS 

 efficient factors in furthering the progress of international morality. 

 However, before Coming to it, I wish to call attention briefly to a 

 point or two to which reference has been made before. I believe, in 

 the first place, that it is of prime educational importance to point 

 impressivety to the fact- that th^re -is a gulf between national 

 morality, on the one band, and interracial and international moral- 

 ity, on the other band. A confusion between the two sets of ethics 

 may härm the former and retard the possible progress of the latter. 

 Citizens in neutral countries at a^I times, and Citizens of all coun- 

 tries in times of peace, should know, should feel it deeply in their 

 hearts, that war has not the slightest feature of morality, that it is 

 simply a mode of settling differences between two or more strains 

 of the human race in the fashion of wild beasts, increased in dead- 

 liness and ugliness by the activities of human intelligence. Here is 

 an incontestable fact which gives pain and distress to the moral man ; 



