168 DISCOVERY REPORTS 



among the many discoveries of Enderby's master mariners. Kemp may at some time 

 have been one of Enderby's masters but at the time of his discovery his vessel, the 

 ' Magnet ', was not in their possession ; it was then owned, Lt.-Com. R. S. Gould, R.N., 

 informs me, by one William Bennett of Rotherhithe and did not subsequently pass to 

 the Enderbys' name. 



The Admiralty archives contain a chart which entered the Hydrographic Office in 

 May 1833 and on it the track of Kemp's brig from Kerguelen during December 1833 

 and the landfall are entered in manuscript along with the tracks of many other voyages 

 of that period; the portion of this chart showing Kemp's track and notes is reproduced 

 by Mawson (1935 b). It was on these two pieces of evidence that our knowledge of Kemp 

 Land rested until 1930 when Sir Douglas Mawson, in the S.Y. 'Discovery', visited 

 these regions and on 12 January, when proceeding westwards, sighted land in 66° 03' S, 

 57 43' E. Kemp had on board his brig two chronometers giving different rates, and 

 Mawson, calculating the position of Kemp's landfall from his chronometer No. 173 

 instead of No. 279, which apparently Kemp himself accepted, placed it about two and 

 a half degrees to the westward and was of the opinion that the land sighted on 12 January 

 1930 was actually the same land that Kemp had seen in December 1833. To a wide 

 bay in this vicinity he gave the name Magnet Bay after Kemp's vessel. The rest of 

 Kemp Land, eastwards to 6o° E, was charted during a seaplane flight made on 5 January 

 and, according to a note on Mawson's chart, "adjusted to accord with later work". 

 This later work was the exploration of MacRobertson Land and was carried out in 

 1 93 1, adding a considerable length of new land to the Antarctic periphery. Mac- 

 Robertson Land was considered to extend eastwards from Kemp Land to Cape Amery 

 on the eastern side of the entrance to a large bight which was named the MacKenzie Sea. 

 The 'Discovery' had advanced southwards in this bight to 68° 14' S in longitude 

 70 10' E and Mawson states: "The Mackenzie Sea was charted from the seaplane at 

 a height of 5500 ft." 



During the course of their whaling operations, the Norwegian whalers had been in 

 this region in January and February 1931 and their discoveries and names were later 

 incorporated in the chart published by the Norsk Hvalfangernes Assuranceforening 

 (1934). Land was sighted several times in quick succession by different observers and 

 the following account is constructed from papers by Isaachsen (1931, 1932) and Lars 

 Christensen's book Such is the Antarctic (1935). 



On 12 January 1931 the whale catcher ' Seksern' (Capt. Brunvoll) in good visibility 

 sighted land between 64 and 66° 34' E ; sketches were made. The next day this catcher 

 is said to have reached the vicinity of Thorshavn Bukta, the Norwegian name later for 

 Mawson's MacKenzie Sea, but the weather was bad and no further observations were 

 possible. A few days later, on 19 January, the catcher Bouvet II (Gunner Reidar Bjerko) 

 proceeding east from 64 E saw land, and a sketch was made on board. On 20 January 

 the catcher 'Bouvet III' (Gunner C. N. Sjovold) sighted land between 65 and 64 E 

 with many islands and rocks lying up to 25 miles from the coast, and the next day, 

 when weather-bound behind an iceberg, the mountains later named by Mawson, Scullin 



