MACROBERTSON LAND AND KEMP LAND 169 



Monolith, Murray Monolith, Mount Marsden, Mount Kennedy, etc. were seen. Two 

 days later, 23 January, the ' Bouvet III ' proceeded in a general south-easterly direction 

 in poor visibility throughout the day until 2200 hr., when the ship stopped. The next 

 morning, at 0200 hr., position given as 68° S, 74 E, during a short break in the thick 

 weather the ship was seen to be in an ice bay, and beyond this, in a south-westerly 

 direction, were a number of mountains. Two of these were considered to be volcanoes 

 and named Sjovold Fjellene. At noon that day, 24 January, the position of the ' Bouvet III ' 

 was 65 54' S, 72°44' E. Soon afterwards another catcher, the 'Thorgaut' (Gunner 

 Rolf Walter), proceeded westwards from 65 E and saw land stretching as far as 6o° E. 

 It was sketched as high land with many mountains, the coast at a distance of 20 or 30 

 miles showing many small islands and rocks. 



Approaching from the eastward, Mawson, during a flight from 66° 29' S, 76 15' E 

 on 9 February 193 1, saw an appearance of land in the extreme south which was later 

 named Princess Elizabeth Land. Two days later, 11 February, Cape Darnley was 

 sighted, and, as already mentioned, the MacKenzie Sea mapped from the air. This 

 flight confirmed the existence of Princess Elizabeth Land and discovered the Munro 

 Kerr Mountains, which are possibly the same as the volcanoes seen by Sjovold the 

 previous month. Mawson continued westwards, following the coast, and on 1 3 February, 

 landed at Scullin Monolith. Whether a landing was effected at Murray Monolith is not 

 wholly clear from his accounts. From this time the coast was in sight continuously 

 until 19 February when the homeward voyage commenced. 



Hard on the stern of Mawson came another Norwegian whale catcher, the ' Torlyn ' 

 (Capt. Klarius Mikkelsen), despatched from the factory ship ' Thorshammer ' by Consul 

 Lars Christensen, doubtless with the object of verifying and extending the numerous 

 reports of land made by his several catchers during the previous month. On 13 February, 

 the day Mawson landed on Scullin Monolith, this catcher sighted Cape Darnley, cruised 

 in the MacKenzie Sea and, in clear weather, reached land on 68° 50' S, 71 ° E. The 

 following day, 14 February, the 'Torlyn' rounded Cape Darnley and reached 68° S, 

 68° 10' E at noon; she later passed Mawson 's landing place, Scullin Monolith. Her 

 position that evening is given as 68° 04' S, 65 E, but snow setting in the next day she 

 returned to her parent ship. The table below (p. 179) gives the chronology of the activities 

 of Mawson and the Norwegians during the seasons 1929-31. 



Isaachsen (1932) states that during the season 1930-31 several Norwegian whaling 

 expeditions had also operated off Kemp Land, between 62 and 58 E. The coastline 

 was sketched by Whaling Inspector Capt. Daehli from the Norwegian M/S 'Hilda 

 Knudsen' and described by him as "an ice cliff coast, the ice rising inland to great 

 heights and showing nunataks ". Capt. O. Borchgrevink, in the factory ship ' Antarctic ', 

 favoured by clear weather and an open sea, executed some painstaking work off Enderby 

 Land, his observations purporting to extend as far east as 59 E. 



