138 



DISCOVERY REPORTS 



The clitoris is about i cm. in height and conical, with the point directed almost 

 dorsally. It is surrounded ventrally and posteriorly by a horseshoe-shaped elevation 

 which represents the labia minora and their anterior commissure. 



The whole length of the genital passage from the abdominal aperture of the Fallopian 

 tube to the clitoris is 60 cm., allowance having been made for duplication of the length 

 of the cervix when the parts are considered serially. (These measurements were made 

 on the preserved specimen.) 



No. 475 was in its eighth year and had a length of 182-9 cm -> and a comparison with 

 the organs of no. 446 (fifth year, 162-6 cm.) and no. 432 (sixth year, 174 cm.) show 

 certain differences which must be attributed to less age and less prolonged sexual 

 experience (Table V). The ovaries show a progressive enlargement in accordance with 

 the increase in the size of the animal, as has been said. It was unfortunately impossible 

 to measure the thickness of these organs in no. 475 or to weigh them, because pieces 

 had to be cut out for fixation in the field. 



Table V. Dimensions of the female reproductive organs 



In the interval (about three years) covered by growth from the size of no. 446 to that 

 of no. 475 the cornua nearly double their length and more than double their thickness; 

 the vagina increases slightly in length but the vestibule is a little shorter in no. 475. 



The hymeneal fold is much more conspicuous in both the younger animals and the 

 digitations better developed, reaching a height of 2 cm. in no. 446. The possession of 

 such appendages cannot, however, be regarded as a sign of youth. I have observed that 

 there is a great variation in this condition. In no. 407 the digitations were particularly 

 large and this cow was 193 cm. in length, one of the largest killed. 



In the two younger animals the walls of the common passage are more compact and 

 much more deeply folded than in no. 475, where the vaginal walls were almost smooth; 

 the vestiges of the labia minora surrounding the clitoris are markedly better developed. 

 As might be expected the differences are most conspicuous in no. 446. 



These progressive changes are those which one would expect to be produced by the 

 transition from the non-parous to the parous and finally the multiparous state. Since 

 no. 475 was so large a cow she was certainly multiparous, and since no. 432 had a 

 little milk in the glands she was also parous, probably in the preceding breeding season. 



