70 



AMPHIBIA AND PISCES OF THE PERMIAN OF NORTH AMERICA 



Genus CARDIOCEPHALUS Broili. 

 Cardiocephalus Sternberg! Broili. 

 Paleontographica, Bd. li, 1904, s. 45. 



Type: Two small skulls, one with a few vertebrae, No. 147, xv, 1901, 

 Museum of the Alte Akademie, Munich. From Texas. 



Original description of the genus and species (abstracted from Broili): 

 Outline of the skull somewhat heart-shaped. The proportionately rather 

 large orbits in the anterior half of the skull on the gently sloping side of the 

 face. Nares rather large, widely separated, on the anterior end of the nose. 

 Skull smooth and shining. Suture not definite; the probable position of the 

 bones as indicated in the figure. Lyra present. Teeth proportionately 

 large and compressed, becoming smaller anteriorly, with sharp fore and aft 

 cutting edges. Number of teeth observed, ten. Lower jaw as long as skull. 



Fig. 17.— C. sternbergi. X 3. After Broili. 



A. Upper view of skull. 



B. Lateral view of skull, n, nasal; pf, 

 prefrontal; /, lachrymal; /, frontal; 

 ptf, postfrontal; p/o, postorbital; 

 p, parietal; sq. squamosal; xo, su- 

 praoccipital plate; mx, maxillary; 



^ f, n:K T> J y, jugal + prosquamosal (.') 



Revised description: This genus is very close to Gymnarthrus, as noted 

 above; for further description see morphological discussion, page 144. 



Genus CROSSOTELOS Case. 



Crossoteios annulatus Case. 



Case, Second Ann. Rpt. Dept. Geol. and Nat. Hist., Territory of Oklahoma, 1903-4, p. 65. 

 Williston, Bull. Geol. See. Am., vol. 21, 1910, p. 271. 



Type: A series of vertebrae. No. 4343 University of Michigan. From 

 Oklahoma. 



Original description: "A very interesting series of vertebrae, which occur 

 quite commonly in the collection, indicate the presence of a form that is 

 especially noteworthy from the resemblance which it bears to forms from 

 other localities. Alost notable among its peculiarities is the fact that the 

 upper portion of the neural spine and the extremity of the h^^mal spine in 

 the caudals are marked by slender striations such as distinguish the genera 

 Keraterpeton and Urocordylus, from the Permian of Ireland and Bohemia, 

 and the genera Ptyonius and Oestocephalus from the Carboniferous of Linton, 

 Ohio. The vertebrae show the same character of close articulation of the 

 vertebrae that is evidently present in the genera mentioned. In the dorsals 

 there is not a very distinct zygosphene and zygantrum articulation, but 

 there is a strong interlocking of the sides of the neural arch by prolonged 

 interdigitations and this character is carried on to the neural arch so that even 

 to the summit the arches interlock, almost by craniate suture. In the caudals 

 the interlocking digitations are absent, but there are present well-defined 

 zygosphene and zygantrum articulations such as are figured by Frisch as 

 present in Urocordylus and described by Cope in Oestocephalus remex. 



"In the dorsals the top of the neural spine is rather broad and the mark- 

 ings on the sides are very sharp, but neither so deep nor so long en the side 

 of the spine as in the genera with which it is compared. On the sides of the 



