266 VITALITY AND EFFICIENCY WITH RESTRICTED DIET. 



A careful inspection showed there was no deficiency of either; in other 

 words, there was no excessive fat or excessive carbohydrate. To 

 obtain an approximate estimate of the relative proportion of fat and 

 carboh3''drate in the food, certain composite samples were analyzed, 

 the fat being determined by ether extraction and the total carbo- 

 hydrates by hydrolysis. The results of these analyses are given in 

 table 30. These were not used for computing the total energy of the 



Table 30. — Fats and carbohydrates determined in typical composite samples of food. 



day, for to these materials should be added the nitrogen and energy 

 of certain staples, such as sugar, bran, jelly, butter, etc. They serve 

 to show, however, that the diets were by no means deficient in fat. 

 The results given for November 20, 1917, are for a normal group with 

 uncontrolled diet. Roughly speaking, the fat in the diet on November 

 20 is twice that in the other two samples analyzed and the carbo- 

 hydrates are increased by approximately the same percentage. 



EXTRA FOODS. 



In the case of the 12 normal men studied in the experiment of Novem- 

 ber 20 to 24, inclusive, extra foods were eaten away from the table (see 

 table 32) , but with Squads A and B no foods were consumed away from 

 the table on the days with controlled diet. On the other hand, a 

 regrettable feature in the study with Squad A was the desire of most of 

 the men to chew gum excessively. For a few days gum-chewing was 

 allowed ad libitum, but no record was made of the amounts used. 

 Later it was recognized that an appreciable amount of energy was sup- 

 plied by soluble carbohydrates in the gum. Thereafter records of the 

 gum used were made for all of the men in both squads during the 

 diet restriction. 



