412 VITALITY AND EFFICIENCY WITH RESTRICTED DIET. 



PULSE-RATE WITH STANDING POSITION. 



STANDING PULSE RECORDS IN EXPERIMENTS WITH PORTABLE RESPIRATION 



APPARATUS. 



Any records of pulse-rate taken under uniform conditions in a given 

 position are of value as evidence of the influence of reduced diet upon 

 this factor. A number of respiration experiments were made with these 

 men which were designed primarily to determine the basal metabolism 

 with the subject in the standing position prior to a series of measure- 

 ments of the energy transformations during walking. This led to the 

 recording of a number of pulse-rates during this position with both 

 squads. With Squad A these were recorded only on the last day of the 

 observation, that is, on a restricted diet. With Squad B records were 

 obtained on January 6 before the subjects had begun the low diet, and 

 again on January 28, the last day of the greatly reduced diet. These 

 pulse-rates are given for both squads in table 93. 



On all these mornings the resting pulse was determined with the 

 subject lying with minimum muscular activity in the group chamber 

 before he rose. These values are also given for all the subjects in col- 

 umn a in table 93, for comparison with the standing pulse-rates. The 

 figures, so far as Squad A is concerned, present no abnormalities and 

 show low values similar to those noted on the respiration apparatus 

 at Springfield on the two days preceding. (See table 80.) Values 

 below 40 are found with 5 subjects in each squad. 



The pulse measurements for the standing position in the experi- 

 ments with the portable respiration apparatus, which in some cases 

 were made several hours after the pulse measurements in the group 

 chamber, are given in column h of table 93 and show increments for all 

 of the subjects. The increments of the standing pulse over the lying 

 pulse are given in column c. The greatest increment for Squad A is 

 with Can, whose pulse rose from 48 to 84, i. e., 36 beats. The smallest 

 increments were noted with Bro and Mon, of 5 each. The average 

 increment is 17, if we exclude the large increment of Can in averaging. 



It is unnecessary for us to go to earlier literature for a base line or 

 for comparisons, as data were obtained with Squad B on normal and 

 on reduced diet and in both positions. These values are given in 

 the lower part of table 93. Attention may first be called to the fact 

 that the pulse-rates for January 28 were invariably lower than those for 

 January 6, when the men were on normal diet. Especial emphasis 

 must be laid upon the increments due to standing, which are recorded 

 in column c of table 93. The highest increment on normal diet is with 

 Sne, with an increment of 41 beats, i. e., a rise from 48 to 89 beats. If we 

 exclude this high value for Sne the average increment for Squad B with 

 normal diet on January 6 would be 18. It thus appears that the incre- 

 ment due to change from the lying to the standing position was essen- 

 tially the same on the reduced diet with Squad A as with that on 



