516 VITALITY AND EFFICIENCY WITH RESTRICTED DIET. 



1, is found with Vea, the greatest difference in the figures being 155 

 calories, or practically the same as on October 1. On January 26 the 

 range is from the maximum of 897 to a minimum of 716, a variation of 

 181 calories, which is somewhat greater than that noted on October 1. 

 Since the whole level was lowered on the average 152 calories, it can be 

 seen that this range of 181 calories on January 26 makes the actual 

 percentage range larger than on the first day. Hence we may not infer 

 that the restricted diet had a tendency to wipe out individual variations 

 or deviations from the average. We note that while Mon shows the 

 maximum heat output per square meter of body-surface per 24 hours 

 for all three periods the minimum is represented on October 1 by Bro, 

 on November 24 by Vea, and on January 26 by Pec. This implies, as 

 was stated at the beginning in discussing the normality of these men, 

 that the metabolism of Mon is distinctly on a higher level than that of 

 the other men. It is also an interesting fact that the subject showing 

 the next highest value on October 1 (Gar) is the third highest on 

 November 24 and the fourth highest on January 26. 



The average values for the entire squad show a continuous fall from 

 940 calories on October 1 to 817 calories on November 24 and 788 

 calories on January 26. The decrease between October 1 and January 

 26 is thus 16.2 per cent. 



Attention is specially called to the fact that we have in the heat out- 

 put per square meter of body-surface — a standard of measurement 

 that supposedly levels all organisms from a mouse to an ox to the same 

 physiological basis — a variation of 16 per cent with a group of 11 men 

 between October 1 and January 26, a clear evidence of an absolute 

 lowering of the heat per square meter of body-surface. Since the 

 rectal temperature of these men remained essentially constant and, 

 with one or two exceptions, the skin temperature was likewise con- 

 stant, the significance of the body-surface law in this connection is 

 hardly so great as one has been led to believe. 



GROUP MEASUREMENT OF BASAL METABOLISM WITH LOW DIET, SQUAD A. 



The successive metabolism measurements of Squad A in the group 

 respiration chamber at intervals of approximately two weeks during 

 the period of restricted diet have been recorded in table 131. Again 

 emphasis must be laid upon the fact that the personnel of the squad 

 through illness and other causes changed somewhat as the experi- 

 ment continued. Hence the values for the total body-weight, total 

 body-surface, and minimum carbon-dioxide production per hour can 

 not be taken in a strictly comparative sense, and one should consider 

 solely the values computed on the bases of heat production per kilo- 

 gram per hour or per square meter per hour. These appear in the last 

 two columns of the table. 



