PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ENDURANCE. 665 



fatigue effects to develop. It is possible that one may by running so shorten 

 the process as to avoid, in part at least, the unpleasant sensations." 



Professor Affleck felt secure in the conviction that the men on low 

 diet would not make good soldiers. He said : 



"They did not have the proper spirit of 'punch' for fight. It was often 

 noted that they were tired, lax, and not so alert as usual, unless they urged 

 themselves especially to the effort." 



Professor Austin G. Johnson, as explained on page 396, studied the 

 men while they rode the bicycle ergometer. Concerning the work 

 which the men performed, he made the following g eneral statement : 



"Very frequently after a man on low diet had finished riding on the bicycle 

 ergometer, and was lying on the plinth, he would say 'I should like to stay 

 right here for two hours,' or would make some other remark, or by action 

 show the fact that he was fatigued. Such remarks and indications were 

 more frequent and pronounced with the men in Squad A than with the mem- 

 bers of Squad B." 



Professor Johnson made an interesting observation concerning the 

 matter of perspiration during and following the ergometer work. 



"During the low-diet period, the men in Squad A perspired only slightly 

 during the exercise of riding while the Squad B men on full diet perspired very 

 freely, in great contrast to the low-diet men. After the end of the experiment 

 with Squad A (February 3), they did not ride on the ergometer again until 

 February 8. In the meantime their weight had increased considerably and 

 the difference in perspiration was astonishing. Gul perspired fearfully upon 

 this latter occasion and panted in a striking and unusual way. Others of the 

 men were noted to perspire very freely in contrast to their former condition, 

 and they appeared to be much out of breath following the work." 



Professor Elmer Berry had the following statements to make : 



"I am glad that you have not recommended for the military and for men 

 doing hard muscular work a dietetic regime such as that involving the degree 

 of reduction in food in these experiments. Certain of the men of Squad A 

 regularly had what would be regarded as hard, muscular work in athletics; 

 Peabody, for example, and Gardner, also Kontner, who played football a 

 good part of the season. In general most of the men were doing the usual 

 amount of athletic work. While it is true that Peabody and Gardner carried 

 on their heavy physical work, the former doing particularly well in his cross- 

 country races, yet it is my impression that the men generally were definitely 

 below par in their performance. My impression of the men in the gymna- 

 sium, for instance, is that they did not seem to be physically fit to do some 

 of the heavier apparatus work. To be sure, this condition may not be entirely 

 due to the diet as the circumstance of less sleep and the many details in con- 

 nection with the experiment which drew upon the energies of the men were 

 no doubt contributing factors. The feeling of cold was particularly prominent 

 and the men had to be relieved from some of the swimming work on account 

 of the complaints of severe cold. In reality the water in the natatorium was 

 rather warm and no complaints were made by the other men. I think there 

 may have been a slight disinclination for quite so much work in the gymna- 

 sium. In general, as a conditioner of men and as an athletic coach I have 



