174 Ocean Magnetic Observations, 1905-16 



After passing the Solomon Islands the Carnegie was driven to the westward bv the 

 prevailing southeast winds and had to tack twice to avoid the Indispensable Reefs These 

 reefs "^^re passed October 12, and all the islands and reefs in the Coral Sea were safely 

 cleared. As the Coral Sea was entered, the winds drew somewhat more to the southward 

 makmg It necessary to near the Austrahan Coast off Brisbane. Good wmds were blowing 

 across the Tasman Sea and the Ught on South Island, New Zealand, east entrance to 

 1 oveaux Strait, was made early in the morning of October 31. On account of the slow trip 

 It was decided to pass through the strait; just before clearing the east end of the strait 

 at sunset, the wind shifted to the southeast, making it necessary to use the auxiliary power 

 J^ortunately, the engine was in good condition and enough coal was reserved for such an 

 emergency. Again, in trying to round Banks Peninsula to enter Port Lyttelton, the wind 

 shifted ahead. With the engine and fore-and-aft saUs, however, it was possible to tack to 

 advantage against the wind, thus saving a delay of a day or more in entering port. On 

 November 3 the Carnegie entered the harbor at Lyttelton. 



r ,HP^".,^'^y °°^ occasion during the trip did the engine fail to operate, and the cause 

 for this failure was definitely placed. It has proved its value on several occasions and has 

 run well. During the cruise, various and unusual currents were noted. The winds 

 encountered were hght and baffling; very rarely were the yards braced square for a fair 

 wind. Ihe total number of miles on the passage, Dutch Harbor to Lyttelton, was 8 865 

 giving an average of 1 00 miles per day for 89 days. ' ' 



Local magnetic disturbances were noted on September 18 near MarshaU Islands 

 October 15 west of Chesterfield Reefs and Islets, October 20 and 21 near the coast of 

 Australia, and October 31 in Foveaux Strait. The aurora australis was seen on the 

 mghts of November 1 and 2, consisting of long beams of white hght projected vertically 

 from the southern half of the horizon. 



Lyttelton was reached with over 6 tons of coal remaining in the bunkers, 40 gaUons of 

 kerosene, and 600 gallons of water. It was not necessary to issue a restricted quantity 

 of water per day to each man, as all did then- best to economize in the use of fresh water 

 A salt-water shower bath, connected with the deck pump, was in position ready for use at 

 all times. The health of the party was good during the entire trip. 



A stay of 33 days at Lyttelton was necessary for the completion of the observational 

 work and comparisons at the Christchurch Magnetic Observatory and for the overhauhng 

 and outfittmg of the vessel. During this stay at Lyttelton, as also during the subsequent 

 one, the work of the Carnegie was facihtated by certain officials, and by Professors Farr and 

 Chilton, of Canterbury CoUege, and Director Skey, of Christchurch Observatory (PI 19 

 Fig. 5). J K ■ , 



December 6 the Carnegie left Lyttelton for a sub-Antarctic circumnavigation cruise 

 The 180th meridian was crossed on December 9, so that date was repeated as December 

 9 (2). The vessel arrived at Kmg Edward Cove, South Georgia, on January 12, 1916, going 

 the last 24 hours under her own auxiliary power. She again sailed on the 14th, being towed 

 out of harbor against a heavy head wind by the steam whaler Fortuna. Icebergs became 

 more numerous and fog was ahnost contmuous. However, January 18 was the only day 

 on the entire trip in southern waters on which it was impossible to obtam observations for 

 the magnetic decimation. On January 22 the vessel passed along the north coast of Lind- 

 say Island about 3 miles offshore. The Carnegie's track of 191 1 to the westward of Australia 

 was twice intersected for the determination of secular change. Lyttelton was reached on 

 April 1, 1916. This sub-Antarctic cruise, accompUshed as far as known for the first time 

 in a single season, was made practically between the parallels of 50° and 60° south until the 

 neighborhood of Austraha was approached, when it became necessary, on two occasions, to 

 cross somewhat north of the 50th parallel. Its aggregate length was 17,084 nautical miles, 

 the tune of passage 118 days, and the average day's run 145 miles. For a more complete 

 account of this passage, see J. P. Ault's report, pp. 326-330; also views on Plate 18. 



