328 Ocean Magnetic Observations, 1905-16 



about 3 miles from the position assigned by the Valdivia. This is a very close check in position for 

 these regions, and we had no difficulty in locating the island. When our reckoning had placed it 

 about 10 miles southeast of the vessel, we were able to locate it in the proper direction by noting the 

 outline of a snow-covered glacier which appeared motionless through the shifting rifts in cloud and fog. 

 Some authorities have called this island "Bouvet Island," thereby causing a Uttle confusion. 

 H. R. Mill in his book "The Siege of the South Pole," 1905, gives a couple of pages to a description 

 and picture of Lindsay Island, but names it "Bouvet," and gives as its position the latitude and longi- 

 tude quoted above from the British Admiralty Pilot as that of Lindsay. Both books give as their 

 authority the German Deep Sea Expedition of 1898. The British Admiralty Pilot states that "In 

 November, 1898, the island (Bouvet) was searched for unsuccessfully by Captain Krech, of the German 

 Deep Sea Expedition vessel Valdivia. Its position must, therefore, be considered uncertain." We 

 agree with this conclusion, since we check so well the Valdivia's position of Lindsay Island. 



Stieler's Hand-Atlas, 1907, publishes a map of Bouvet in a small insert with its south polar 

 charts. The position given, the coast outUne, and appearance are those of Lindsay Island. 



Did Captains Bouvet and Norris see Lindsay Island or some island that has never been seen 

 again? They reported it, Captain Bouvet in 1739, and Captain Norris in 1825, and placed it in 

 latitude 54° 00' S to 54° 15' S and in longitude 4° 30' E to 5° 00' E, or about 15 miles north and 

 about 50 miles east of Lindsay. We know that this position is seriously in error, for Cook, Ross, and 

 Moore searched unsuccessfully for this island while on their various Antarctic cruises. 



After taking bearings of Lindsay Island and such views as the weather and clouds pennitted, 

 we stood east in the hope of sighting Bouvet Island. Unfortunately, drifting ice, though in small 

 pieces, became so thick that we thought it best to change our course to the north to avoid delay m this 

 locality. So disappeared our chance of sighting either Bouvet or Thompson Islands. 



Shortly after leaving the vicinity of Lindsay Island, it was decided to stand northward toward 

 the Crozet Islands, so as to cut the isogonic lines at a greater angle. 



When within 30 miles of the southwest point of Kerguelen Islands the weather became unfavor- 

 able for making the land, fog set in, and a gale began to blow, with a rapidly falling barometer. 

 The vessel was immediately headed south to avoid outlying dangers, and when clear the course was 

 set toward Heard Island. The season was advancing, and as a large area remained to be covered 

 before our return to Port Lyttelton, a delay of a week or more in order to land at Kerguelen seemed 

 unwarranted. This was February 6, and in the evening a copper box, tightly sealed, containing 

 abstracts of all results to date, was set adrift on a float. The following was stamped on the copper 

 box with steel dies: "Mail to the Carnegie Institution, Washington, D. C, U. S. A., from Yacht 

 Carnegie, February 6, 1916." The float was set adrift at 8 p. m. in latitude 50° 14. '3 S, longitude 

 68° 19 '2 E. The only sign of human kind seen during 4 months, except at South Georgia, was a 

 corpse floating in the open sea, about halfway between Heard and Kerguelen Islands, far from land. 

 This was on February 7, at latitude 51° 12' S, longitude 71° 26' E. ^ 



On February 8 our course was set to the northward to intersect the Carnegie's track of 1911, and 

 to determine the annual change of the magnetic elements. We made the first intersection in good 

 time, but encountered head winds and later a calm, when attempting to make the second crossing. 

 With the aid of the engine, however, we were able to make the desired point. 



The annual changes determined were as follows: 17' in decUnation, increasing numerically west 

 values, as opposed to 8' shown on the charts; —2' in inclination, increasing numerically southerly 

 dip; and —0.0007 c.g.s. in horizontal intensity, the value of this element decreasing. 



' The brief rest in quiet seas and in warm sunshine was very welcome, but the season was advanc- 

 ing and we were obliged to turn southward again and plunge into the dark and stormy regions of the 

 "roaring forties and furious fifties." The stormiest period of the trip awaited us. The heaviest 

 gales and roughest seas yet encountered were experienced, but the vessel stood the strain well. 



As the Carnegie proceeded south toward the region of Queen Mary Land, the chart errors in 

 declination constantly increased until, in the region of latitude 60° S, longitude 110° E, they reached 

 a maximum of —12° for the United States and British charts, and of —16° for^the German chart, 

 i. c, the charts gave values of west declination numerically too small by 12° to 16°. 



' On March 23, during magnetic observations in the afternoon, the horizontal intensity ranged 

 from 0.098 to 0.110 c. a. s., possibly indicating a magnetic disturbance of some kmd. 



One iceberg was seen on March 1, the only one encountered since January 28. Owing to the 

 decrease in horizontal intensity and the consequent uncertainty of the compasses, it was decided to 

 turn to northward on this date, latitude 59° 24' S having been reached. A few hours before turning 

 northward a south wind sprang up, so it was well that we continued no farther in that direction. 



