80 



THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



grafted. When I speak of the Royal Hybrid root I mean a first genera- 

 tion cross between the Eastern Black and the California Black, not a 

 cross of a Royal Hybrid and a California Black. These nuts are best 

 procured by hand pollenizing. Occasionally an accidental hybrid occurs, 

 the pollen being carried perhaps by bees, or a great distance by the wind, 

 but this is rare, as different varieties pollenize at different times. This 

 is Nature's method of keeping varieties distinct, otherwise we would 

 have a conglomeration of all forms of hybrids. 



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Fig. 34. — Same tree as shown in Fig. 33, 

 showing the method of staking and tying up 

 the tree during tlie first year's growtli and 

 also the shal^e nailed on the south side of 

 the stake to shade butt of the tree during 

 the hot summer. (Original.) 



One could graft part of a tree of one type with that of another type 

 by choosing individual trees that blossom at somewhere near the same 

 time ; but types have to be selected for cross pollenizing that will produce 

 vigorous trees for, as with cattle and other animals, certain trees do not 

 reproduce well. 



To obtain these hybrids in any quanitity I use trees that have been 

 proven to produce vigorous young trees, by crossing with certain other 

 trees and by gathering the catkins of the California Black just as the 

 pods are ready to burst and expel the pollen. I place them on large 

 sheets of paper in the sun in some protected place where the wind will 

 not blow the pollen away. Care nnist be taken that this pollen does not 

 become damp, or tlie catkins allowed to lie on the paper too long, as the 



