THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 43 



will either be lost entirely or so stunted as to be of little value. 

 Under favorable condition.s a new crop of leaves will be promptly 

 developed, but there is little or no evidence that this second crop of 

 leaves may be affected even to a very limited extent. Gummy 

 exudations sometimes appear on the enlarged twigs, particularly 

 when the enlargement is not terminal. In case the terminal bud is 

 not affected it may continue to grow later in tlie season, thus leaving 

 the injured or swollen portion at the base of the new growth. It 

 was formerly supposed that this fungus was very largely propa- 

 gated by a perennating mycelium, or by infections resulting during 

 the summer and persisting in the woody parts until the following 

 season, but * * * infections must generally occur as the buds 

 unfold. The percentage resulting from a mycelium remaining alive 

 in the hypertrophied twigs is very small. The badly affected twig 

 dies and the mycelium with it. From other affected twigs diseased 

 leaf buds are seldom produced. ' ' 



As the fungus works within the tissvies where no fungicide can 

 destroy it, and as infection in the spring results from the spores which 

 have been caught in the bud scales, spraying should be performed before 

 the spores germinate and the filaments of the fungus penetrate the 

 tissues of the host. This time is just before the opening of the buds 

 and lime-sulphur solution, one to ten of water, sprayed thoroughly on 

 the trees, will control it effectively. As stated before, this spraying will 

 control the brown mite to a certain extent, blight, shot-hole fungus and 

 twig borer. 



Fusarium Wilt of the Potato. 



The Fusarium causes a decay of the stems and tubers. The potato 

 grower can determine whether his potato seed is affected by cutting oft' 

 the tubers near the stem end. If diseased there will be a brown ring 

 just inside the peel. Do not plant affected tubers, as there will be much 

 loss in the yield. Plant clean seed in clean soil. Rotation is important, 

 as the fungus will live over in the soil. Seed can not be treated for this 

 disease, so it must be carefully selected. 



Potato Scab. 



One of the potato diseases which is an important factor in the reduc- 

 tion of a good crop is the scab fungus. It causes a scabby appearance 

 on the surface of the tuber, thus injuring the commercial value of the 

 product, as well as cutting down yield. Soil in which scabby potatoes 

 have been produced should be planted to some other crop for several 

 5'ears, as the fungus will live over in the soil and reinfest the tubers, 

 even if care has been taken to plant disease-free seed. Plant in clean 

 soil and treat all seed for one hour in a solution made by dissolving 

 four ounces of corrosive sublimate in thirty gallons of water. 



