114 



THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



THE EUROPEAN ELM SCALE. 



Gossyparia iihiii (Linnseus). 



As the common name indicates, this insect is of European origin and 

 was brought across the United States to California. It probably existed 

 here for some years before it was discovered, inasmuch as it was found 

 in practically all of the present known areas at nearly the same time 

 when a search Avas made for it. The distribution has not changed 

 during the past year and still remains as follows ■} Colusa, Colusa 



IT 



Map showing the dis- 

 tribution of the Europ- 

 ean elm scale, Gossyparia 

 ulmi (Linn.), in California, 

 January, I916. 



Eeslg 



Fig. 42. — Showing' the distribution of the 

 European elm scale, Gossyparia ulmi, in Cali- 

 fornia. (Original.) 



Coiuity ; Ukiah, Mendocino County ; San Rafael, Marin Coimty ; Stock- 

 ton, San Joaquin County; Modesto, Stanislaus County; Palo Alto, 

 Santa Clara and San Jose, Santa Clara County. 



The insect can be distributed only on branches or trees, and by care- 

 fully inspecting all new plantings of elm trees it should be possible to 

 prevent a rapid distribution of the pest and to hold it to its present 

 confines for many years. 



THE PURPLE SCALE. 



Lepidosaphes hcckii (Newman). 



The purple scale is one of the serious pests of citrus trees and has 

 been consistently fought by the fruit growers and horticultural officials 

 since its first appearance in the State in 1888 or 1889. To this strenuous 

 effort might be credited the comparatively limited distri])ution of the 

 insect. While it has quite a wide range there are large areas of citrus 

 orchards still clean and even entire counties have succeeded in keeping 

 it out. Tlie present known distribution- is as follows: 



In the city of Sacramento tlie insect has been present a number of 

 years, but is confined to only a few trees, there being no commercial 



'Essig, E. O.. In.i. & Ben. Tiis. Cal. 2d. edit., Cal. Hort. Com., p. 119, 1915. 

 =Quayle, H. .1., Bnl. 226, Cal. Agrcl. Exp. Sta., p. 321, 1912. 



