192 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



TWO NEWLY-ESTABLISHED SCALE INSECTS. 



Order — Hemiptera. Family — Coccidae. 



By E. O. EssiG, Department of Entomology, University of California, 



Berkeley, California. 



Among the insects which have been imported into this State from 

 other countries are a number of scale insects (CoccidiE), and several 

 of these are now the most serious pests to be found in the orchards. 

 Recently two more of these insects have been found within the State 

 and are established in small colonies in limited districts. These are 

 the camellia scale, Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood) and the dictyo- 

 spermmn scale, Chrysompl\ahis diciyoapcrmi fjNIor'j.an). 



THE CAMELLIA SCALE. 



Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood). 



Coccus floccifera W^estwood, Garden Chronicles, p. 308, 1870. 



(Figs. 65, 66. 67.) 



This scale has been taken in quarantine at the ports of entry for many 

 years and is at the present time established only in one locality, San 

 Jose, California, where it was taken last year by Horticultural Com- 

 missioner Earl Morris and Horticultural Inspector K. L. Cody, of 

 Santa Clara County. The specimens received by the writer from 

 these collectors were forwarded to Mr. Geo. B. King, Lawrence, Massa- 

 chusetts, who gave the above determination and who further stated 

 that the insect had previously been listed from this State by officials 

 as Pulvinaria camelicola Sign., which name is synonymous with and 

 replaced by the older Pulvinaria floccifera (Westw.). A published 

 description of the insect appears first in California literature in the 

 "Annual Report of the State Board of Horticulture," pp. 191-192, 

 1890, but no mention of its occurrence in the State is made. Among 

 the insects taken in quarantine at San Francisco, i\Ir. Alexander Craw, 

 on December 30, 1892, lists Pulvinaria CAimelicola Sign, from Japan.^ 

 In 1909, Mr. R. S. Woglum lists this as a California insect, but no 

 further data were given at the time.^ Again, in 1912, l\Tr. B. B. Whit- 

 ney published another record of its being taken in quarantine at San 

 Francisco from Japan.^ 



The mature females (Figs. 65 and 66) are very conspicuous because 

 of the long, narrow pure white egg-sacs at the posterior ends Avliich are 

 three or four times as long as the bodies and which are very noticeable 

 on the dark green leaves of the camellia plants. The bodies are yellow 

 or pale amber-brown and soon after egg-laying dry up, become detached 

 and drop from the plants so that it is a common thing to find only the 

 old egg-sacs on the leaves and stems. The antenna^ (Fig. 67A) are 

 8-jointed and sparsely covered with long spine-like hairs. The breath- 

 ing spines (Fig. 67C) are in groups of three, one long and two less 

 than half as long. The bodies are covered witli rather long, simple and 



'Insect Life, Vol. V. pp. 281-282. 1893. 



=Baker and Essig, P. Jr. Rnt.. Vol. I, No. 2. p. .56, June, 1!)09; Monthly Bui. Cal. 

 Hort. Com., Vol. I. No. 10. n. 74.'), Sept.. 1912. 



^Monthly Bui. Cal. Hort. Com., Vol. I, p. 739, 1912, 



