M()N1'IIL\- Hl'LLETIN. 



319 



(lisiiiiVt'tc'd by the pin'sciil iilaiit at oiu; time. Tlie Icjintli of treatment 

 needed to secure results is fi'ovei-ned by the number of cars being 

 treated. For one car, one and one-half hours would be sufficient; 

 for six cars, three hours is re([uired. This difference in time of 

 treatment is due to the varying volume of steam consumed and the 

 corresponding fluctuation of pressure at the boiler. 



Fig. 107 represents a similar method of disinfecting cotton cars at 

 the AVestern Pacific railroad yards at Oaklaiul. The y)rocess here is 

 the same, but the steam is obtained from a permanent pipe line 

 maintained for other purposes, and the pressure as shown in the 

 photo is much greater. In both instances the method has proven 

 satisfactoi'y. and has become a part of the routine work of the yards 



Fig. 106. — A car in which cotton seed was found being disinfected witli 

 steam. (Photo by L. A. Whitney.) 



and goes on as regularly and as thoroughly as does any other phase of 

 the railroad business. 



There is yet another feature of this cleaning of railroad cars, and 

 is concerned with what is known as "Reefers." In this type of car 

 the sides and ends are sided with smooth ceiling material up to the roof 

 of the car, and in such cars cotton seed can be swept, collected and 

 burned with satisfactory results. In the effort to comply with horti- 

 cultural (|uarantine regulations, and in an endeavor to keep the Boll 

 Weevil out of California, the several railroad companies co-operate to 

 the extent of cleaning by the different methods einimerated an average 

 of 200 cars a month in the Bay regions around San Francisco. This 

 is both capable and expensive co-operation and is worthy of thoughtful 

 consideration by the cotton growers of the state. 



In reviewing what I have written on this matter of the regulations 

 of the federal and state governments in their eft'orts to protect the 



