186 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



5 pounds. With the bran stir in the mola-ses and then the arsenic. 

 Let stand over nig-ht and thoroughly mix before placing in the field. 

 Moisten or renew bait as needed. B^^rning the stubble of the breeding 

 ground (in waste lands), where the young hoppers are plentiful, which 

 should be done in the night time, as they are then inactive; spraying a 

 strip of the green crop near the edge of the fields where the hoppers are 

 entering with Paris green or arsenate of lead, are also worthy of trial. 



Grape Root Worm. 



The grape root worm injures both the roots and the growing parts of 

 the grapevine. The imago is a small beetle, black or brown in color. 

 The adults eat out chain-like strips from the leaves or similar strips in 

 the stems or in the shoots. The beetles appear during the last of April, 

 May and into June. They are fairly well combatted in the adult stage 

 by an arsenical spray. Use 5 pounds of arsenate of lead to 50 gallons 

 of water, or one pound of Paris green to 100 gallons of water. Spray 

 as soon as beetles appear. Repeat applications if necessary. Jarring 

 them into receptacles containing oil is also used as a means of control. 



The Grape Leaf Hopper. 



The grape leaf hopper is about one tenth of an inch in length and is 

 of a pale yellow color marked with red in an irregular pattern. The 

 overwintering hoppers begin to lay eggs about INIay first beneath the 

 epidermis of the leaves. The young hoppers begin to appear about the 

 middle of May. Spray for the first brood of young when they appear. 

 The formula used is blaekleaf 40, half pint, water 100 gallons, using 

 high pressure and thoroughly drench the vines, especially the undersides 

 of the leaves. 



FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS. 



Apple and Pear Scab. 



It often becomes necessary to apply a second spraying for the apple 

 and pear scab fungus which causes the scabby patches on the fruit and 

 brownish spots on the leaves which become swollen and curled. Appli- 

 cation is generally made at the time the petals of the blossoms fall. A 

 third spraying if necessary should be made two or three weeks later. 

 Conditions, however, determine time and number of applications to be 

 made. Use Bordeaux mixture 5/5/50 formula. This spray can be 

 combined with the arsenate of lead spray for the codling moth. 



Apple Mildew. 



Frequent sprayings during the early part of the season are often 

 necessary in order to control the mildew of the apple. The fungus 

 causes the dwarfing of the tips of the new shoots covering them with the 

 characteristic whitish growth. Some growers have had success with the 

 iron sulphide spray. As the process of preparing this fungicide is some- 

 what complicated it is best for the ordinary person to l)uy the prepared 

 material. 



Olive Knot. 



The disease known as olive knot is of bacterial origin, and as the name 

 suggests causes gall-like formations on the trunk, branches and twigs 



