THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 211 



;5. The body of tlie female Callicphialtcs sp. is approximately half an 

 inch in length and has an ovipositor the same length. The general 

 color is black. The male is smaller. 



4. The males of Calliephialtes sp. emerge about nine days before the 

 females begin to appear. 



5. The males outnumber the females in the proportion of 3 to 1. 



6. The adult parasites feed freely on sweet liquids as well as the 

 juices of the codling moth larvje. 



7. Mating may occur several times. 



8. The species is parthenogenetic, producing males from unfertilized 

 eggs. 



9. The newly emerged female of CalUcpliialics sp. is sexually im- 

 mature and requires about nine days to develop eggs and make ready 

 for oviposition. 



10. The ovipositor of the female of CalliephiaUes sp. stings the codling 

 moth larva in its cocoon and deposits its eggs singly and in any portion 

 of the host cocoon. 



11. The adult female apparently lays less than one hundred eggs. 



12. The average length of life of the female parasite is about two 

 months, but they may live as long as three months. The life of the male 

 is considerably shorter. 



13. There are from five to seven broods per annum at Sacramento, 

 ( 'alifornia. 



14. In California the insect has no true hibernation period. 



15. The eggs are white sculptured and average 1.7 mm. in length. 

 They hatch in about sixty-eight hours at a mean temperatui-e of 62*^ F. 



16. There are five larval stages : the first stage averages 57 hours at 

 &2" F. ; the second stage, 42 to 48 hours at 60° F. ; the third stage, 38 

 hours at 60° F. ; the fourth stage 49 hours at 65° F. ; and the fifth stage 

 I) to 15 days at a temperature of 61° F. 



17. The larva of Calliephialtes sp. requires from four to five days to 

 complete the cocoon at a mean temperature of 61° F. to 62° F. The 

 cocoon is spun inside the cocoon of the codling moth. It is yellow 

 brown in color and varies in shape with the cocoon of the host. It is 

 made up of several layers. 



18. The prepupa of this parasite is whitish and is about 8 mm. long. 

 The sexes can be distinguished in this stage by the recurved anal seg- 

 ments of the female. The anal segments of the male are practically 

 straight. The length of the prepupal stage is from three to seven days 

 at 61° F. 



19. The pupal stage at 61° F. is from 13 to 24 days. The pupa? are at 

 first whitish with reddish eyes and require some time for the entire 

 color of the adult to develop. 



20. The period from egg to adult at a mean temperature of approxi- 

 mately 61° F. is from 40 to 50 days. 



It is with exceeding pleasure that we publish the above from our State 

 Insectary. This insect has attracted wide interest and attention in our 

 State. The reasons for our disappointment in its practical value should 

 be known. The scientific excellence and thoroughness of the article 

 alone warrant its publication. Many of our county horticultural com- 

 missioners are earnest students, and we could hardly wish for them a 

 better course of instruction than a very careful reading and study of 

 this article will give. — A. J. Cook. 



