198 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



its egg-depositioii until about niue days old, as explained further on in 

 this paper, gives the birds ample opportunity to destroy great numbers 

 l)efore they are able to get in their good work. There are, of course, 

 many other factors working against the successful establishment of 

 Calliephialtes, such as the toughness of the cocoons of the host, etc., but 

 we believe we have enumerated above the more important ones. As it 

 would be impractical to attempt to overcome these difficulties in the way 

 of the successful use of this interesting parasite, it will not be the policy 

 of the Insectary hereafter to continue its distribution. 



Description of the Species. 



The female : length 11. S mm. ; head black, occipital region finely punctured, 

 strongly reflexed posteriorly ; maxillary and labial palpi lemon-yellow, basal and 

 terminal joints somewhat ferruginous ; antennse blackish, terminal joints of pedicel 

 somewhat piceous, flagellum 27-jointed ; thorax black, finely and rather sparsely 

 punctate excepting large area posteriorly on mesopleura, which is impunctate ; 

 tegulse lemon-yellow, as is also a small triangular spot on the posterior angle of the 

 pronotum ; metanotum punctate anteriorly, finely transversely striate posteriorly ; 

 metasternum strongly longitudinally carinate along latero-ventral angle. Abdomen 

 black dorsally, closely and rather coarsely punctate, segments two to five with a 

 smoother area posteriorly, sides of apical segments piceous ; venter pale yellow, 

 first segment black basally, second to fifth segment with a large oval black spot on 

 each side, sixth with a narrow dark band basally. Ovipositor 11.8 mm. long, 

 smooth and ferruginous, sheath blackish and hairy. Legs ferruginous, trochanters 

 yellow, intermediate and posterior tibiae and tarsi darker, claws piceous. Wings 

 pale brownish-hyaline, iridescent ; venation dark brown. 



The male : length 10.3 mm., head black, front covered with long silvery pubes- 

 cence ; palpi yellow, lighter than in female ; scape and pedicel of antennse yellow 

 anteriorly — dark posteriorly ; flagellum brown. Abdomen black, posterior margin 

 of seventh dorsal segment with a yellow border, sometimes showing slightly on sixth 

 also. Genitalia large and conspicuous. Anterior and intermediate legs including 

 coxae uniformly light yellow except tarsal claws which are dark ; posterior legs as 

 follows : coxae ferruginous, trochanters yellow, femora ferruginous, tibae dark, indis- 

 tinctly banded with yellowish, tarsi dark. 



Variation in Size. There is a considerable variation in size in 

 this species. This is more pronounced in the male than in the female. 



Emergence of Adults. Practically all the males of Calliephialtes 

 sp. emerge several days before the females begin to appear. In 1913, 

 from a lot of overwintering parasitized Carpocapsa pomonella material 

 kept at an average temperature of 63° F. for two weeks prior to the 

 emergence of the adults, the first males appeared on February 5th, new 

 males issuing each day until March 3d. The first female appeared on 

 February 14th, or nine days after the first male. On February 22d 

 several more females emerged nineteen days after the first male. Of 

 course this period between emergence of male and emergence of female 

 will depend on the date of oviposition. The time of the oviposition 

 period is so long that males developing from eggs deposited weeks after 

 eggs from which females have emerged will appear at the same time or 

 even after the first appearance of the adult female. Thus, in our 

 records, we have the emergence of the males and females interspersed. 

 However, nine days is the average time between the emergence of males 

 and emergence of the females at the above temperature. As the tem- 

 perature increases this time will, of course, be shortened. The adults 

 were inactive below 50° F. 



The Proportions of the Sexes. The males greatly outnumber the 

 females, the proportions in our l)iveding cages being approximately 

 three to one. 



